Part 70 of the collection · Fascicle 16 of 80 · 須彌頂上偈讚品第十四(續) · T279

The Cataract That Hides the Buddha

The chapter's third and fourth hymns deepen the warning All Wisdom Bodhisattva opened with. Supreme Wisdom Bodhisattva offers a set of images — a treasure hidden in darkness, an eye clouded by cataract, the blind before the bright sun — for why an impure mind cannot see the Buddha no matter how long it looks. Merit Wisdom Bodhisattva then completes the thought with the chapter's sharpest paradox yet: that no seeing at all is itself the truest seeing.

Translator: Ru-Yi Meditation Center Status: Part 70 — chapter 14 continues, hymns 3–4 of 10 Source: Taishō T279 (Śikṣānanda, Tang, 695–699 CE)

Supreme Wisdom Bodhisattva: A Treasure Hidden in Darkness

Supreme Wisdom Bodhisattva builds on All Wisdom's own teaching with a chain of images: a jewel that cannot be seen in darkness without a lamp, an eye clouded by cataract that cannot see clear color, eyes that cannot see the sun without sight at all — each showing that seeing the Buddha requires something the eye alone can never supply.

Chinese Source

爾時,勝慧菩薩承佛威力,普觀十方而說頌言:

「如來大智慧,希有無等倫,
一切諸世間,思惟莫能及。
凡夫妄觀察,取相不如理,
佛離一切相,非彼所能見。

迷惑無知者,妄取五蘊相,
不了彼真性,是人不見佛。
了知一切法,自性無所有,
如是解法性,則見盧舍那。

因前五蘊故,後蘊相續起,
於此性了知,見佛難思議。
譬如闇中寶,無燈不可見,
佛法無人說,雖慧莫能了。

亦如目有翳,不見淨妙色,
如是不淨心,不見諸佛法。
又如明淨日,瞽者莫能見,
無有智慧心,終不見諸佛。

若能除眼翳,捨離於色想,
不見於諸法,則得見如來。
一切慧先說,諸佛菩提法,
我從於彼聞,得見盧舍那。」

Ru-Yi Translation

At that time, Supreme Wisdom Bodhisattva, receiving the Buddha's own awesome power, universally surveyed the ten directions and spoke this verse, saying:

"The Tathāgata's own great wisdom is rare and without any equal; no thought of any being throughout the whole of the world is able to reach it.
Ordinary beings falsely observe things, grasping at marks not in accordance with true principle; the Buddha is free of every mark, and is not something such people are able to see.

Those who are deluded and confused, without any knowledge, falsely grasp at the marks of the five aggregates; not understanding their own true nature, such a person does not see the Buddha.
Understanding entirely that every dharma's own nature has nothing at all to it — one who understands the nature of dharmas thus then beholds Vairocana himself.

Because of the preceding five aggregates, the following aggregates arise in succession; understanding this very nature, one beholds the Buddha, inconceivable as he is.
Just as a treasure within darkness cannot be seen without a lamp, so too, without anyone to expound the Buddha's own Dharma, even wisdom itself is unable to understand it.

And just as, when the eye has a cataract, one cannot see pure and wondrous forms, so too, with an impure mind, one cannot see the Buddha's own Dharma.
And just as, before the bright and clear sun, the blind are unable to see it, so too, without any mind of wisdom, one never sees any buddha at all.

If one is able to remove the cataract from the eye, and give up and leave behind every notion of form, seeing nothing at all among every dharma, one then attains the seeing of the Tathāgata.
All Wisdom has already spoken, before me, of every buddha's own Dharma of bodhi; from him I have heard it, and have come to behold Vairocana himself."

Merit Wisdom Bodhisattva: No Seeing Is Itself True Seeing

Merit Wisdom Bodhisattva turns inward, tracing wrong views back to a failure to understand one's own mind, and closes with the chapter's most compressed paradox: that grasping at nothing at all — no seeing — is precisely what allows every dharma to be seen, while any seeing that still grasps at something is, in truth, no seeing at all.

Chinese Source

爾時,功德慧菩薩承佛威力,普觀十方而說頌言:

「諸法無真實,妄取真實相,
是故諸凡夫,輪迴生死獄。
言辭所說法,小智妄分別,
是故生障礙,不了於自心。

不能了自心,云何知正道?
彼由顛倒慧,增長一切惡。
不見諸法空,恒受生死苦,
斯人未能有,清淨法眼故。

我昔受眾苦,由我不見佛,
故當淨法眼,觀其所應見。
若得見於佛,其心無所取,
此人則能見,如佛所知法。

若見佛真法,則名大智者,
斯人有淨眼,能觀察世間。
無見即是見,能見一切法,
於法若有見,此則無所見。

一切諸法性,無生亦無滅,
奇哉大導師,自覺能覺他。
勝慧先已說,如來所悟法,
我等從彼聞,能知佛真性。」

Ru-Yi Translation

At that time, Merit Wisdom Bodhisattva, receiving the Buddha's own awesome power, universally surveyed the ten directions and spoke this verse, saying:

"Every dharma is without any true reality, and yet one falsely grasps at a mark of true reality; it is for this reason that every ordinary being transmigrates within the prison of birth-and-death.
The Dharma spoken through words and phrases is falsely discriminated by those of small wisdom; it is for this reason that obstruction arises, and one does not understand one's own mind.

If one is unable to understand one's own mind, how could one know the true path? Such a one, by means of an inverted wisdom, only increases every evil.
Not seeing that every dharma is empty, one forever undergoes the suffering of birth-and-death; this very person has not yet attained a pure Dharma-eye.

In ages past, I underwent every suffering, because I did not see the Buddha; and so I ought to purify my own Dharma-eye, and behold whatever ought to be seen.
If one attains the seeing of the Buddha, and one's own mind grasps at nothing at all, this very person is then able to see the Dharma exactly as the Buddha himself knows it.

If one sees the Buddha's own true Dharma, one is then called a person of great wisdom; this very person has a pure eye, able to observe and contemplate the world.
No seeing is itself true seeing, able to see every dharma; if, toward any dharma, there is any seeing at all, this is then no seeing at all.

The nature of every single dharma is without arising and likewise without ceasing; how wondrous is the great guide, himself awakened and able to awaken others!
Supreme Wisdom has already spoken, before me, of the Dharma the Tathāgata has realized; we, from him, have heard it, and are able to know the Buddha's own true nature."

Reading note — Ru-Yi Meditation Center

Merit Wisdom's closing couplet — "no seeing is itself true seeing... if, toward any dharma, there is any seeing at all, this is then no seeing at all" — is the sharpest formulation this chapter has offered yet of a teaching the sūtra has approached from many directions before: any seeing that still grasps at a mark is precisely what blocks the seeing that matters. The two hymns together also continue a pattern first noticed two Parts ago: each bodhisattva explicitly credits the one before, Supreme Wisdom naming All Wisdom, Merit Wisdom naming Supreme Wisdom — a chapter built, quite literally, as ten voices each receiving and passing forward the same single understanding.

Part 70 Complete

This closes Part 70. Chapter 14's sequence of hymns continues in Part 71 with Diligent Wisdom and Wholesome Wisdom bodhisattvas.