Part 738 of the collection · Fascicle 56 of 80 · 離世間品第三十八之四 · T279

Ten Kinds of Unshared Dharma Begin

Each of these ten dharmas shares a single refrain — "not by another's teaching" — describing what a bodhisattva does spontaneously rather than through instruction: the six pāramitās, the four means of attracting beings, skillful dedication, and, in the longest entry so far, an astonishing range of forms taken on without ever losing the mind of the great vehicle.

Translator: Ru-Yi Meditation Center Status: Part 738 — ten kinds of unshared dharma begin Source: Taishō T279 (Śikṣānanda, Tang, 695–699 CE)

A Beautiful Woman, a Heretic, a Master of Every Art

The fourth unshared dharma abandons the tidy structure of the first three for an almost dizzying catalogue: dwelling in māra's own palace, going forth among followers of other paths while staying free of their views, mastering every worldly art from spellcraft to song, and even appearing as a beautiful woman whose wisdom is foremost in the world — every one of these forms held, the text insists, without ever losing the mind of the great vehicle or interrupting bodhisattva practice.

Chinese Source

佛子!菩薩摩訶薩有十種不共法。何等為十?佛子!菩薩摩訶薩不由他教,自然修行六波羅蜜——常樂大施,不生慳吝;恒持淨戒,無所毀犯;具足忍辱,心不動搖;有大精進,未曾退轉;善入諸禪,永無散亂;巧修智慧,悉除惡見。是為第一不由他教隨順波羅蜜道修六度不共法。佛子!菩薩摩訶薩普能攝受一切眾生。所謂:以財及法而行惠施,正念現前,和顏愛語,其心歡喜,示如實義,令得悟解諸佛菩提,無有憎嫌,平等利益。是為第二不由他教順四攝道勤攝眾生不共法。佛子!菩薩摩訶薩善巧迴向,所謂:不求果報迴向、順佛菩提迴向、不著一切世間禪定三昧迴向、為利益一切眾生迴向、為不斷如來智慧迴向。是為第三不由他教為諸眾生發起善根求佛智慧不共法。

Ru-Yi Translation

"Son of the Buddha! A bodhisattva-mahāsattva has ten kinds of unshared dharma. What are these ten? Son of the Buddha! A bodhisattva-mahāsattva, without being taught by another, naturally cultivates the six pāramitās — forever delighting in great generosity, never giving rise to stinginess; forever upholding pure precepts, without any violation; complete in patience, their mind unshaken; possessed of great diligence, never once regressing; skillfully entering every meditative absorption, forever free of distraction; and skillfully cultivating wisdom, entirely removing every wrong view. This is the first unshared dharma: cultivating the six perfections in accordance with the path of the pāramitās without being taught by another. Son of the Buddha! A bodhisattva-mahāsattva is universally able to gather in every sentient being. Namely: practicing giving with both wealth and dharma, right mindfulness manifest before them, a gentle countenance and loving speech, their mind joyful, revealing the meaning exactly as it truly is, causing beings to awaken and understand every buddha's own awakening, without the slightest aversion, benefiting all equally. This is the second unshared dharma: diligently gathering in sentient beings in accordance with the path of the four means of attraction without being taught by another. Son of the Buddha! A bodhisattva-mahāsattva is skillful in dedication, namely: dedication that seeks no fruit or reward, dedication in accordance with the buddha's own awakening, dedication unattached to any worldly meditative concentration or samādhi, dedication for the sake of benefiting every sentient being, and dedication for the sake of never interrupting the tathāgata's own wisdom. This is the third unshared dharma: giving rise to roots of goodness for the sake of every sentient being and seeking the buddha's wisdom without being taught by another.

Chinese Source

佛子!菩薩摩訶薩到善巧方便究竟彼岸,心恒顧復一切眾生,不厭世俗凡愚境界,不樂二乘出離之道,不著己樂,唯勤化度,善能入出禪定解脫,於諸三昧悉得自在,往來生死如遊園觀,未曾暫起疲厭之心;或住魔宮,或為釋天、梵王、世主,一切生處靡不於中而現其身;或於外道眾中出家,而恒遠離一切邪見;一切世間文詞、呪術、字印、算數,乃至遊戲、歌舞之法,悉皆示現,無不精巧;或時示作端正婦人,智慧才能世中第一;於諸世間、出世間法能問能說,問答斷疑皆得究竟;一切世間、出世間事亦悉通達到於彼岸,一切眾生恒來瞻仰;雖現聲聞、辟支佛威儀,而不失大乘心;雖念念中示成正覺,而不斷菩薩行。是為第四不由他教方便善巧究竟彼岸不共法。

Ru-Yi Translation

Son of the Buddha! A bodhisattva-mahāsattva, having reached the ultimate far shore of skillful means, their mind forever attending to every sentient being, never wearied by the domain of worldly, foolish, ordinary beings, never delighting in the path of liberation belonging to the two lesser vehicles, never attached to their own pleasure, diligently laboring only to transform and deliver others, skillfully able to enter and emerge from meditative absorption and liberation, attaining sovereign freedom within every samādhi, coming and going through birth and death exactly as though wandering through a garden, never once giving rise to a moment's weariness — sometimes dwelling in māra's own palace, sometimes appearing as Śakra, Brahmā, or a lord of the world, manifesting their own body within every kind of birthplace without exception; sometimes going forth from home among the followers of other paths, and yet forever staying far from every wrong view; manifesting every worldly text, spell, seal of letters, and calculation, down to every art of games, songs, and dances, skilled in every one of them without exception; sometimes manifesting as a beautiful woman whose wisdom and talent are foremost in the world; able to question and to expound every worldly and world-transcending dharma, resolving every question and answer and every doubt to its ultimate conclusion; also fully penetrating every worldly and world-transcending matter to its far shore, so that every sentient being forever comes to look up to them; though manifesting the bearing of a śrāvaka or a solitary awakened one, never losing the mind of the great vehicle; and though manifesting the attainment of right awakening within thought after thought, never interrupting bodhisattva practice. This is the fourth unshared dharma: reaching the ultimate far shore of skillful means without being taught by another.

Reading note — Ru-Yi Meditation Center

或於外道眾中出家,而恒遠離一切邪見 — sometimes going forth from home among the followers of other paths, and yet forever staying far from every wrong view. This entry does not treat close proximity to another view as dangerous in itself; a bodhisattva can fully occupy that role while remaining entirely untouched by the view it carries, exactly as they can appear as a beautiful woman, a master of spells, or a śrāvaka without ever losing the mind of the great vehicle.

Part 738 Complete

This continues chapter thirty-eight, 離世間品, in fascicle fifty-six. Part 739 continues the ten kinds of unshared dharma with a bodhisattva who abides in nirvāṇa while manifesting birth and death, and who appears amid dancing girls and songs while never departing from the joy of the dharma.