Part 763 of the collection · Fascicle 57 of 80 · 離世間品第三十八之五 · T279

Ten Kinds of Body, Ten Kinds of Intention

This list of bodies differs from earlier ones in this chapter: rather than describing qualities a body embodies, it lists the actual forms a bodhisattva takes on to reach different audiences — human, non-human, deva, and every stage from still training to the tathāgata's own body. Ten kinds of intention follow, ending in a samādhi entered so deeply that no self or possession of self remains within it.

Translator: Ru-Yi Meditation Center Status: Part 763 — ten kinds of body, ten kinds of intention Source: Taishō T279 (Śikṣānanda, Tang, 695–699 CE)

A Body for Every Audience

Rather than describing qualities, this list of ten bodies catalogues actual audiences and the specific form taken on to reach each one — a non-human body for beings in hell, as animals, or as hungry ghosts, a body still in training or one beyond it, and finally an outflow-free dharma-body that manifests every other sentient being's own body without any effort at all.

Chinese Source

佛子!菩薩摩訶薩有十種身。何等為十?所謂:人身,為教化一切諸人故;非人身,為教化地獄、畜生、餓鬼故;天身,為教化欲界、色界、無色界眾生故;學身,示現學地故;無學身,示現阿羅漢地故;獨覺身,教化令入辟支佛地故;菩薩身,令成就大乘故;如來身,智水灌頂故;意生身,善巧出生故;無漏法身,以無功用示現一切眾生身故。是為十。若諸菩薩成就此法,則得如來無上之身。

Ru-Yi Translation

"Son of the Buddha! A bodhisattva-mahāsattva has ten kinds of body. What are these ten? Namely: a human body, for the sake of teaching every human being; a non-human body, for the sake of teaching beings in hell, as animals, and as hungry ghosts; a deva body, for the sake of teaching sentient beings of the desire realm, the form realm, and the formless realm; a body still in training, manifesting the ground of one still training; a body beyond training, manifesting the ground of an arhat; a solitary awakened one's body, teaching beings to enter the ground of a pratyekabuddha; a bodhisattva's body, causing beings to accomplish the great vehicle; a tathāgata's body, consecrating with the water of wisdom; a mind-made body, skillfully brought forth; and an outflow-free dharma-body, manifesting every sentient being's own body through effortless action. These are the ten. If bodhisattvas accomplish this dharma, they attain the tathāgata's own unsurpassed body.

Chinese Source

「佛子!菩薩摩訶薩有十種意。何等為十?所謂上首意,發起一切善根故;安住意,深信堅固不動故;深入意,隨順佛法而解故;內了意,知諸眾生心樂故;無亂意,一切煩惱不雜故;明淨意,客塵不能染著故;善觀眾生意,無有一念失時故;善擇所作意,未曾一處生過故;密護諸根意,調伏不令馳散故;善入三昧意,深入佛三昧無我、我所故。是為十。若諸菩薩安住此法,則得一切佛無上意。

Ru-Yi Translation

Son of the Buddha! A bodhisattva-mahāsattva has ten kinds of intention. What are these ten? Namely: the intention that leads the way, because it arouses every root of goodness; the intention of abiding, because its profound faith is firm and unmoving; the intention of penetrating deeply, because it understands in accordance with the buddha-dharma; the intention of inward understanding, because it knows every sentient being's own delight of mind; the intention free of disorder, because it is never mixed with any affliction; the intention that is bright and pure, because incidental defilements are unable to stain it; the intention that skillfully observes sentient beings, because it never once misses the right moment; the intention that skillfully selects what to do, because it never once gives rise to fault in any place; the intention that secretly guards every faculty, because it tames them and never lets them scatter; and the intention that skillfully enters samādhi, because it penetrates deeply into the buddha's own samādhi, free of self and what belongs to self. These are the ten. If bodhisattvas abide within this dharma, they attain the unsurpassed intention of every buddha.

Reading note — Ru-Yi Meditation Center

無漏法身,以無功用示現一切眾生身故 — an outflow-free dharma-body, manifesting every sentient being's own body through effortless action. Placed last among nine bodies each taken on for a specific audience, this final body reverses the direction entirely — rather than a bodhisattva assuming one form to reach one kind of being, it manifests every sentient being's own body, and does so, the text specifies, with no effort involved at all.

Part 763 Complete

This continues chapter thirty-eight, 離世間品, in fascicle fifty-seven. Part 764 opens ten kinds of conduct, beginning with delighting in the dharma through the very act of hearing it.