Part 93 of the collection · Fascicle 17 of 80 · 初發心功德品第十七(續) · T279

Not the Slightest Attainment of Anything at All

The chain of comparisons reaches its final, most extreme escalation — ten beings, each surpassing the one before, offering to buddhas beyond even the ineffable and inexpressible in number — and then the chapter turns from comparison to direct declaration: what the first resolve already accomplishes, culminating in the claim that this bodhisattva has not the slightest attainment of anything at all, seeking only omniscience itself.

Translator: Ru-Yi Meditation Center Status: Part 93 — chapter 17 continues, final comparison and declaration Source: Taishō T279 (Śikṣānanda, Tang, 695–699 CE)

Beyond Even the Ineffable and Inexpressible

The comparison reaches its final escalation: ten beings, each one surpassing the offering of the one before within a single thought, until the very language of number breaks down — offerings boundless, unequaled, uncountable, inexpressible, inconceivable, immeasurable, ineffable, and beyond even the ineffable and inexpressible — and still, this falls short of the first resolve, which aims at making offering to every buddha throughout the entire Dharma-realm and the realm of empty space, without exception.

Chinese Source

「佛子!復置此諭。假使復有第二人,於一念中,能作前人及無數世界所有眾生無數劫中供養之事;念念如是,以無量種供養之具,供養無量諸佛如來,及無量世界所有眾生,經無量劫。其第三人,乃至第十人,皆亦如是,於一念中能作前人所有供養;念念如是,以無邊、無等、不可數、不可稱、不可思、不可量、不可說、不可說不可說供養之具,供養無邊乃至不可說不可說諸佛,及爾許世界所有眾生,經無邊乃至不可說不可說劫。至佛滅後,各為起塔,其塔高廣。乃至住劫,亦復如是。佛子!此前功德比菩薩初發心功德,百分不及一,千分不及一,百千分不及一,乃至優波尼沙陀分亦不及一。何以故?佛子!菩薩摩訶薩不齊限,但為供養爾所佛故,發阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心;為供養盡法界、虛空界,不可說不可說十方無量去、來、現在所有諸佛故,發阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心。

Ru-Yi Translation

"Son of the Buddha! Let us set aside this analogy once more. Suppose there is, further, a second person who, within a single thought, is able to perform the very deed of offering that the first person performed toward countless living beings throughout countless worlds across countless kalpas; and, thought after thought in just this way, with immeasurable kinds of offerings, makes offering to immeasurable Tathāgatas, and to the living beings of immeasurable worlds, across immeasurable kalpas. And a third person, all the way to a tenth person, is likewise each able, within a single thought, to perform the offering that the person before them performed; and, thought after thought in just this way, with offerings that are boundless, unequaled, uncountable, inexpressible, inconceivable, immeasurable, ineffable, and beyond even the ineffable and inexpressible, makes offering to buddhas that are boundless, all the way to being beyond the ineffable and inexpressible, and to the living beings of just as many worlds, across kalpas that are boundless, all the way to being beyond the ineffable and inexpressible. When each buddha had passed into extinction, they each raised a stūpa for him, those stūpas tall and vast, and this continued for as long as the kalpa itself endured. Son of the Buddha, this merit described just now, compared to the merit of a bodhisattva's first giving rise of the resolve, does not amount to one part in a hundred, does not amount to one part in a thousand, does not amount to one part in a hundred thousand — not even one part in an upaniṣad fraction does it amount to. Why is this so? Son of the Buddha, the bodhisattva mahāsattva does not set himself a fixed measure, giving rise to the mind of unsurpassed, perfect, complete awakening merely for the sake of making offering to that very number of buddhas; he gives rise to the mind of unsurpassed, perfect, complete awakening for the sake of making offering to every single buddha of the past, the future, and the present, throughout the ten directions, filling the entire Dharma-realm and the realm of empty space, beyond even the ineffable and inexpressible in number.

Equal to Every Buddha, Attaining Nothing at All

Having given rise to this resolve, the bodhisattva already knows every past buddha's own awakening and passing, believes every future buddha's own wholesome root, and knows every present buddha's own wisdom — already equal in a single nature with every buddha, at the very moment the resolve arises. And yet, the chapter's own closing declaration insists, this same bodhisattva has not the slightest attainment of anything at all, seeking only omniscience itself, clinging to nothing throughout the whole of the Dharma-realm.

Chinese Source

「發是心已,能知前際一切諸佛始成正覺及般涅槃,能信後際一切諸佛所有善根,能知現在一切諸佛所有智慧。彼諸佛所有功德,此菩薩能信、能受、能修、能得、能知、能證、能成就,能與諸佛平等一性。何以故?此菩薩為不斷一切如來種性故,發心;為充遍一切世界故,發心;為度脫一切世界眾生故,發心;為悉知一切世界成壞故,發心;為悉知一切眾生垢淨故,發心;為悉知一切世界三有清淨故,發心;為悉知一切眾生心樂煩惱習氣故,發心;為悉知一切眾生死此生彼故,發心;為悉知一切眾生諸根方便故,發心;為悉知一切眾生心行故,發心;為悉知一切眾生三世智故,發心。

以發心故,常為三世一切諸佛之所憶念,當得三世一切諸佛無上菩提;即為三世一切諸佛與其妙法,即與三世一切諸佛體性平等;已修三世一切諸佛助道之法,成就三世一切諸佛力、無所畏;莊嚴三世一切諸佛不共佛法,悉得法界一切諸佛說法智慧。何以故?以是發心,當得佛故。應知此人即與三世諸佛同等,即與三世諸佛如來境界平等,即與三世諸佛如來功德平等,得如來一身、無量身究竟平等真實智慧。

纔發心時,即為十方一切諸佛所共稱歎,即能說法教化調伏一切世界所有眾生,即能震動一切世界,即能光照一切世界,即能息滅一切世界諸惡道苦,即能嚴淨一切國土,即能於一切世界中示現成佛,即能令一切眾生皆得歡喜,即能入一切法界性,即能持一切佛種性,即能得一切佛智慧光明。此初發心菩薩,不於三世少有所得。所謂:若諸佛,若諸佛法;若菩薩,若菩薩法;若獨覺,若獨覺法;若聲聞,若聲聞法;若世間,若世間法;若出世間,若出世間法;若眾生,若眾生法。唯求一切智;於諸法界,心無所著。」

Ru-Yi Translation

"Having given rise to this resolve, he is able to know that every buddha of the past first accomplished true awakening and entered parinirvāṇa, he is able to believe in the wholesome root of every buddha of the future, and he is able to know the wisdom of every buddha of the present. Every merit that those buddhas possess, this bodhisattva is able to believe, able to receive, able to cultivate, able to attain, able to know, able to realize, and able to accomplish, becoming equal in a single nature with every buddha. Why is this so? This bodhisattva gives rise to the resolve for the sake of never cutting off the lineage of every Tathāgata; he gives rise to the resolve for the sake of filling and pervading every world entirely; he gives rise to the resolve for the sake of delivering the living beings of every world to liberation; he gives rise to the resolve for the sake of understanding entirely the forming and destruction of every world; he gives rise to the resolve for the sake of understanding entirely the defilement and purity of every living being; he gives rise to the resolve for the sake of understanding entirely the purity of the three states of existence throughout every world; he gives rise to the resolve for the sake of understanding entirely every living being's own mind, delight, affliction, and habitual tendency; he gives rise to the resolve for the sake of understanding entirely every living being's own dying here and being born there; he gives rise to the resolve for the sake of understanding entirely every living being's own faculties and skillful means; he gives rise to the resolve for the sake of understanding entirely every living being's own mental conduct; he gives rise to the resolve for the sake of understanding entirely every living being's own wisdom across the three periods of time.

Because he has given rise to this resolve, he is forever held in mind by every buddha of the past, the future, and the present, and shall attain the unsurpassed bodhi of every buddha of the three periods of time; it is as though every buddha of the three periods of time had already granted him their own wondrous Dharma, as though he were already equal in very substance and nature with every buddha of the three periods of time; he has already cultivated the very practices that assist the path of every buddha of the three periods of time, and accomplished the powers and fearlessnesses of every buddha of the three periods of time; he adorns himself with the unshared qualities of every buddha of the three periods of time, and attains entirely the wisdom of teaching the Dharma possessed by every buddha throughout the Dharma-realm. Why is this so? It is because, by giving rise to this very resolve, he shall attain buddhahood. One should know that this person is already equal to every buddha of the three periods of time, already equal to the domain of every Tathāgata of the three periods of time, already equal to the merit of every Tathāgata of the three periods of time, and attains the Tathāgata's own single body, and his immeasurable bodies, in ultimately equal and true wisdom.

At the very moment the resolve is given rise to, he is at once praised together by every buddha of the ten directions; he is at once able to teach the Dharma, transforming and taming every living being throughout every world; he is at once able to shake every world; he is at once able to illumine every world with light; he is at once able to extinguish every suffering of the evil destinies throughout every world; he is at once able to adorn and purify every land; he is at once able to manifest the accomplishment of buddhahood within every world; he is at once able to cause every living being to attain joy; he is at once able to enter the very nature of the entire Dharma-realm; he is at once able to uphold the lineage of every buddha; he is at once able to attain the light of every buddha's own wisdom. This bodhisattva of the first resolve has not, across the three periods of time, the slightest attainment of anything at all — namely, not of any buddha, and not of any buddha's own dharma; not of any bodhisattva, and not of any bodhisattva's own dharma; not of any pratyekabuddha, and not of any pratyekabuddha's own dharma; not of any śrāvaka, and not of any śrāvaka's own dharma; not of the worldly, and not of any worldly dharma; not of the world-transcending, and not of any world-transcending dharma; not of any living being, and not of any living being's own dharma. He seeks only omniscience itself; toward every dharma throughout the Dharma-realm, his mind clings to nothing at all."

Reading note — Ru-Yi Meditation Center

This is the chapter's own actual climax, and the closing move is the sharpest one: after page upon page establishing just how vast the first resolve's own accomplishment truly is — equal to every buddha, praised by every buddha, able to shake and illumine every world — the chapter refuses to let that vastness become a possession. "Not the slightest attainment of anything at all" is not a retraction of everything just claimed; it is the very condition that makes the claim true. A bodhisattva who grasped at buddhahood, or at equality with the buddhas, or even at omniscience itself as a thing to be held, would by that very grasping fall short of what has just been described. The resolve's own vastness and its own emptiness of any object to attain turn out, on this chapter's own account, to be the same fact seen from two directions.

Part 93 Complete

This closes Part 93. Chapter 17 continues in Part 94 with a sixfold earthquake spreading across countless worlds, and countless buddhas — every one named Dharma Wisdom, like the assemblies before them — arriving to confirm that this same teaching is given everywhere at once.