Perfect Awakening (II)
The earth trembles in celebration and every realm but Māra's own rejoices, while the newly awakened Buddha spends seven days simply gazing at the tree that sheltered him, in a gesture of gratitude never once turning his eyes away. His own next thought is doubt — that what he has realized may simply be too deep for any teaching to convey — until Brahmā himself descends to argue otherwise, and the Buddha, moved by compassion for those whose defilements are already thin, decides where to go first: not back to his own five-year companions in despair, but to the five ascetics who once shared his own six years of hardship.
The World Rejoices
如是正覺成, 佛則興世間,
正見等八道, 坦然平直路,
畢竟無我所, 如薪盡火滅。
所作者已作, 得先正覺道,
究竟第一義, 入大仙人室。
闇謝明相生, 動靜悉寂默,
逮得無盡法, 一切智明朗。
大仙德淳厚, 地為普震動,
宇宙悉清明, 天龍神雲集,
空中奏天樂, 以供養於法。
微風清涼起, 無雲雨香雨,
妙華非時敷, 甘菓違節熟。
摩訶曼陀羅, 種種天寶花,
從空而亂下, 供養牟尼尊。
異類諸眾生, 各慈心相向,
恐怖悉消除, 無諸恚慢心。
一切諸世間, 皆同漏盡人,
諸天樂解脫, 惡道暫安寧,
煩惱暫休息, 智月漸增明。
甘蔗族仙人, 諸有生天者,
見佛出興世, 歡喜充滿身,
即於天宮殿, 雨花以供養。
諸天神鬼龍, 同聲嘆佛德,
世人見供養, 及聞讚嘆聲,
一切皆隨喜, 踊躍不自勝。
唯有魔天王, 心生大憂苦。
With perfect and complete awakening thus achieved, the Buddha arose in the world; his right view, together with the whole eightfold path, laid out an even and level road, utterly free of any self or anything belonging to a self, like a fire finally extinguished once its fuel is spent.
What needed to be done was now done; he had attained the supreme path of perfect awakening, penetrated ultimate truth to its very end, and entered the very dwelling of the greatest of sages.
Darkness withdrew and the mark of brightness arose; every kind of movement and stillness fell into silent stillness; he had attained the inexhaustible Dharma itself, and the light of omniscient wisdom shone forth in full clarity.
Such was the pure and profound virtue of this great sage that the earth itself shook and trembled everywhere at once; the whole universe grew clear and radiant, gods, dragons, and spirits gathered together like clouds, and heavenly music sounded from the sky in offering to the Dharma.
A gentle, cool breeze arose, and rain fell fragrant from a cloudless sky; wondrous flowers bloomed out of their proper season, and sweet fruits ripened ahead of their appointed time.
Great mandārava blossoms, and every kind of heavenly jeweled flower besides, fell tumbling down from the sky in profusion, offered up to this most honored of sages.
Every kind of different creature turned toward every other with a heart of loving-kindness; all fear and terror was entirely dispelled, and no trace of anger or arrogance remained anywhere at all.
Every realm throughout the world became, for that moment, like a being whose every defilement had already been exhausted; the gods delighted in liberation, the evil destinies found a brief peace, every affliction came to a temporary rest, and the moon of wisdom grew gradually more radiant.
The sages of the sugarcane lineage, and all those who had been reborn in the heavens, seeing the Buddha arise in the world, were filled through their whole bodies with joy, and, there in their own heavenly palaces, rained down flowers in offering to him.
Every god, spirit, and dragon spoke with one voice in praise of the Buddha's own virtue; and the people of the world, seeing these offerings and hearing these praises resound, rejoiced together with him, unable to contain their own delight.
Only Māra, king of the heavens, felt his own heart filled with great sorrow and grief.
Seven Weeks Beneath the Tree, and Brahmā's Request
佛於彼七日, 禪思心清淨,
觀察菩提樹, 瞪視目不瞬。
「我依於此處, 得遂宿心願。」
安住無我法, 佛眼觀眾生,
發上哀愍心, 欲令得清淨。
貪恚癡邪見, 飄流沒其心,
解脫甚深妙, 何由能得宣?
捨離勤方便, 安住於默然。
顧惟本誓願, 復生說法心,
觀察諸眾生, 煩惱孰增微。
梵天知其念, 法應請而轉,
普放梵光明, 為度苦眾生,
來見牟尼尊。 說法大人相,
妙義悉顯現, 安住實智中,
離於留難過。 無諸虛偽心,
恭敬心歡喜, 合掌勸請言:
「世間何福慶, 遭遇大世尊!
一切眾生類, 塵穢滓雜心,
或有重煩惱, 或煩惱輕微。
世尊已免度, 生死大苦海,
願當濟度彼, 沈溺諸眾生。
如世間義士, 得利與物同,
世尊得法利, 唯應濟眾生。
凡人多自利, 彼我兼利難,
唯願垂慈悲, 為世難中難。」
如是勸請已, 奉辭還梵天。
佛以梵天請, 心悅嘉其誠,
長養大悲心, 增其說法情。
For seven full days, the Buddha remained there in meditative contemplation, his heart entirely pure, gazing steadily at the Bodhi tree without once so much as blinking.
"It was in reliance on this very place that I have now fulfilled the vow I made so long ago." Abiding securely in the Dharma of no-self, he surveyed sentient beings with his own buddha-eye, and a heart of the deepest compassion arose in him, wishing that they, too, might attain this same purity.
Yet he saw how greed, hatred, delusion, and every false view swept their hearts along and drowned them in its current — and he thought: this liberation is so profoundly deep and subtle — by what means could it possibly be proclaimed to them at all?
And so, setting aside for the moment any diligent effort to teach, he remained instead abiding in silence.
Yet, recalling his own original vow, the wish to teach the Dharma arose in him once more, and he surveyed all sentient beings to see in whom the afflictions had grown thick, and in whom they had grown thin.
Brahmā, knowing this thought of his, understood that the true Dharma ought properly to be turned only once it had been formally requested; and so, radiating his own Brahmā-light everywhere, he came, for the sake of delivering suffering sentient beings, to see this most honored of sages. Every mark of a great being was manifest in the Buddha as he prepared to teach the Dharma, its wondrous meaning already fully apparent, abiding securely in true wisdom, free of every fault and obstruction, with not the slightest trace of falsehood in his heart. Brahmā, filled with reverence and joy, joined his palms and entreated him, saying: "What great fortune has this world had, to encounter so great a World-Honored One!
Every kind of sentient being carries a heart clouded with dust and defilement — some with afflictions grown heavy, others with afflictions grown light.
The World-Honored One has already escaped and crossed beyond the great ocean of suffering that is birth and death — I beg you now to deliver, as well, all these sentient beings still sinking and adrift within it.
Just as a righteous man of this world shares whatever benefit he gains together with others, so the World-Honored One, having gained the benefit of the Dharma, ought surely to use it only to deliver sentient beings.
Ordinary people, for the most part, seek only their own benefit, for it is difficult indeed to benefit both oneself and others together — I beg you, then, let your compassion be shown, as the very hardest thing to accomplish in all this world."
Having entreated him in this way, Brahmā took his leave and returned to his own heavenly realm.
The Buddha, moved by Brahmā's own request, felt his heart gladdened by the sincerity it showed, and this only nourished his great compassion further, deepening still more his own intention to teach the Dharma.
The Decision to Teach
念當行乞食, 四王咸奉鉢,
如來為法故, 受四合成一。
時有商人行, 善友天神告:
「大仙牟尼尊, 在彼山林中,
世間良福田, 汝應往供養。」
聞命大歡喜, 奉施於初飯。
食已顧思惟: 「誰應先聞法?
唯有阿羅藍, 欝頭羅摩子,
彼堪受正法, 而今已命終;
次有五比丘, 應聞初說法。」
欲說寂滅法, 如日光除冥,
行詣波羅㮈, 古仙人住處。
牛王目平視, 安庠師子步,
為度眾生故, 往詣迦尸城,
步步獸王顧, 顧瞻菩提林。
Thinking now that he should go and beg for alms, the Four Heavenly Kings all came forward at once, each offering him a bowl; and the Tathāgata, for the sake of the Dharma, accepted all four together, merging them into a single bowl.
At that time there were merchants traveling by, and a friendly deity told them: "The great sage and most honored one is there in that mountain forest — a true and excellent field of merit for the whole world — you ought to go and make him an offering."
Hearing this, they rejoiced greatly, and offered him his very first meal.
Having eaten, he reflected further: "Who ought to be the first to hear the Dharma?
There was only Ārāḍa Kālāma and Udraka Rāmaputra, who were fit to receive the true Dharma — but they have both, by now, already passed away. Next, then, are the five companions, who ought to be the first to hear this teaching."
Wishing to proclaim the Dharma of quiescent extinction, like sunlight dispelling darkness, he set out on the road to Vārāṇasī, the dwelling place of the seers of old.
With the level, steady gaze of a king among oxen, walking with the calm, measured gait of a lion, he made his way toward the city of Kāśī for the sake of delivering sentient beings, turning to look back, with every step, like the very king of beasts, gazing once more upon the grove of the Bodhi tree.
Part 22 Complete
This closes Part 22, and with it Chapter 14: the world's celebration of the awakening, the seven days of grateful contemplation, the Buddha's doubt over whether the Dharma can be taught at all, Brahmā's plea, and the decision to seek out the five companions at Vārāṇasī. Part 23 opens Chapter 15, "The Turning of the Dharma Wheel," another of this poem's key chapters — the Buddha's first teaching to those same five ascetics who had once abandoned him for accepting Sujātā's offering.
Continue to Part 23 — The Turning of the Dharma Wheel →