Supreme Voice Without Fear, and a Single Touch
The sage Supreme Voice Without Fear touches Sudhana's crown and takes his hand — and in that single instant Sudhana lives through days, years, and eons at the feet of countless buddhas, without his own body ever leaving where it stood, and without a single day of ordinary time passing at all.
The Forest, and Ten Thousand Sages
「...善能解說菩薩諸行,汝詣彼問。」時,善財童子頭面禮足,遶無數匝,觀察無厭,悲泣流淚,正念思惟:「得菩提難、遇善知識難、得與上人共同止難、得菩薩諸根難、滿足菩薩正直心難、值遇同意善知識難、觀真實難、如法正教難、出生妙心難、念一切智難、長養法明難。」作是念已,辭退南行。
爾時,善財童子思惟隨順菩薩正教,淨菩薩行,心能長養菩薩德力;心見諸佛;心欲菩提;心能發起長養大願;心照十方一切諸法;心見法實;心覆一切,無有散亂;心淨智慧,觀諸法界,除滅癡闇;心淨正直,除滅障礙;心能降伏一切眾魔。漸漸遊行,至海潮國,周遍推求仙人毘目多羅。時,彼仙人在大林中;阿僧祇樹莊嚴此林,寶葉普覆;諸華果樹,常以嚴飾;寶樹雨寶,遍散其地;大栴檀樹,周匝行列;諸沈水樹,常出妙香;尼拘律樹、閻浮檀樹,雨甘香果;優鉢羅、鉢曇摩、分陀利華,以為莊嚴。
爾時,善財見彼仙人在此林中,服樹皮衣,縈髮草坐;一萬仙人以為眷屬,如栴檀林,栴檀圍遶。往詣其所,五體敬禮:「念善知識,能開導我薩婆若門;念善知識,現真實道;念善知識,能安置我一切智地;念善知識,然智寶燈,明淨慧光,長養十力智慧光明;善知識道,即一切智無盡之藏。善知識為燈,照一切智境界故;善知識為橋,度生死故;善知識為蓋,生大慈力,覆一切故;善知識為不虛,照一切法真實相故;善知識為海潮,滿足大悲故。」作是念已,遶無數匝,合掌而立,白言:「大聖!我已先發阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心,而未知菩薩云何學菩薩行、修菩薩道。」
"...skilled in explaining every bodhisattva practice. Go to him and ask." At that time Sudhana the Boy bowed his head at her feet, circled her countless times, gazing upon her without ever tiring, weeping tears of sorrow, rightly holding in mind and reflecting: "Attaining awakening is difficult; encountering a good spiritual friend is difficult; dwelling together with a person of such stature is difficult; attaining the bodhisattva's own faculties is difficult; fulfilling the bodhisattva's own upright mind is difficult; encountering a good spiritual friend of like mind is difficult; contemplating true reality is difficult; rightly according with the true teaching is difficult; giving rise to a sublime mind is difficult; holding omniscience in mind is difficult; nurturing the brightness of the Dharma is difficult." Having thought this, he took his leave and traveled south.
At that time Sudhana the Boy, reflecting on and according with the bodhisattva's own true teaching, purifying the bodhisattva's own practice, his mind able to nurture the bodhisattva's own power of virtue; his mind beholding every buddha; his mind wishing for awakening; his mind able to raise and nurture the great vow; his mind illumining every dharma in the ten directions; his mind beholding the true reality of the Dharma; his mind covering everything, never once scattered or confused; his mind's own pure wisdom contemplating the Dharma-realm, extinguishing the darkness of folly; his mind pure and upright, extinguishing every hindrance; his mind able to subdue every māra. Gradually traveling onward, he arrived at the land Sea Tide, seeking everywhere for the sage Supreme Voice Without Fear. At that time this sage was within a great forest; countless trees adorned this forest, jeweled leaves covering it entirely; every flowering and fruiting tree constantly adorned it; jeweled trees rained down jewels, scattering them across the ground; great sandalwood trees stood in rows all around; every fragrant-resin tree constantly sent forth sublime fragrance; nyagrodha and Jambū trees rained down sweet, fragrant fruit; blue lotus, red lotus, and white lotus flowers adorned it.
At that time Sudhana beheld this sage within that forest, wearing a garment of tree bark, his hair bound up, seated upon grass; ten thousand sages formed his retinue, like a forest of sandalwood trees surrounded by sandalwood. Going before him, he bowed with his five limbs in reverence: "Holding the good spiritual friend in mind, able to open and guide me to the gate of omniscience; holding the good spiritual friend in mind, manifesting the true path; holding the good spiritual friend in mind, able to establish me on the ground of omniscience; holding the good spiritual friend in mind, kindling the jeweled lamp of wisdom, its bright, pure light of wisdom nurturing the light of the ten powers' own wisdom; the good spiritual friend's own path is itself the inexhaustible treasury of omniscience. A good spiritual friend is a lamp, illumining the domain of omniscience; a good spiritual friend is a bridge, delivering one across birth and death; a good spiritual friend is a canopy, giving rise to the power of great kindness, covering everything; a good spiritual friend is never in vain, illumining the true mark of every dharma; a good spiritual friend is the tide of the sea, fulfilling great compassion entirely." Having thought this, he circled him countless times, and, joining his palms, stood and said: "Great sage! I have already raised the mind of unsurpassed, perfect, complete awakening, and I do not yet know how a bodhisattva learns the bodhisattva's own practice, and cultivates the bodhisattva path."
Fazang glosses "sage" (仙人) here as marking 童真清潔之貌 — "the pure, unstained countenance proper to true childhood," this stage's own name — and also as signifying purity free of every outflow, and a body that changes only through transformation rather than ordinary birth and death, matching the eighth ground in the ten-ground scheme this collection's Dasabhūmika-śāstra pages already treat at length. On the sage's own name, he gives the full Sanskrit and its translation together: 毘目多羅涅懼沙, rendered 最上無恐怖聲 — "Supreme Voice Without Fear" — and connects it directly to an earlier passage praising the Buddha's own voice as "comforting the boundless realm of sentient beings through the subtle voice of omniscience": this sage's own name is that very same praise, given to a person rather than kept as description.
A Single Touch, and Eons at the Feet of Buddhas
時,彼仙人觀察大眾,而作是言:「汝等當知此童子者,已發阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心,請一切眾生,普施無畏,饒益一切眾生;向深智海,欲飲一切諸佛法雨;欲盡一切法海源底;欲成世間智慧大海;欲興大悲重雲;欲雨甘露法雨;欲出世間明淨智月;欲滅世間諸煩惱闇;欲長養一切眾生善根。」爾時,大眾各持種種金色妙華,香可悅樂,散童子上;頭面禮足,曲躬敬遶,作如是言:「此童子者,悉能救護一切眾生,滅三惡道,離閻羅趣一切諸難;消竭欲海,除滅苦陰,捨愚癡闇,斷貪愛縛;能昇功德金剛圍山,建立世間智慧須彌,於世間出明淨智日,顯曜一切善根諸法、示導世間明識善惡。」時,彼仙人告大眾言:「若有能發阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心者,得一切智,淨一切佛功德之地。」
時,彼仙人告善財言:「善男子!我已成就菩薩無壞幢智慧法門。」善財白言:「大聖!彼法門者,境界云何?」時,彼仙人即申右手,摩善財頂;摩已,執善財手。即時,善財自見其身,在於十方十佛世界微塵等佛所,見彼諸佛,相好莊嚴,以阿僧祇寶珍玩之具,莊嚴其剎。又見彼佛眷屬大海,所從聞法,悉能受持,乃至不失一句一味,分別受持正法梵輪,受諸法雲,入佛大願,淨修諸力,清淨願行,究竟諸功德藏。見彼諸佛,隨應化度一切眾生,見一切佛,清淨圓滿大光明網。見已,隨順無礙智慧光明,究竟佛力;或自見身於一佛所,一日一夜;或復自見於餘佛所,七日七夜。如是次第於餘佛所,或有半月、一月,一歲、百歲、千歲;或百千歲、百千億歲;或百億那由他歲;或半劫、一劫、百劫、千劫、百千劫;或百億那由他劫,乃至不可說不可說那由他劫;或閻浮提微塵等劫,乃至不可說不可說世界微塵等劫。
爾時,善財為無壞幢智慧法門照故,得明淨藏三昧;無盡法門三昧照故,得遊一切方陀羅尼光明;金剛圓滿光明法門照故,得分別智意樓閣三昧,住平地莊嚴法藏;般若波羅蜜精進照故,得佛虛空藏三昧光明;一切諸佛法輪三昧光明相照故,得三世圓滿智無盡光明。
時,彼仙人放善財手;爾時,善財即自見身還在本處。時,彼仙人問善財言:「汝憶念耶?」答言:「唯然。大聖善知識力故。」「善男子!我唯知此菩薩無壞幢智慧法門,我豈能知大菩薩行?諸大菩薩,皆得一切眾生自在三昧,於一切時輪而得自在;出生諸佛無盡智慧,證一切佛,嚴淨慧燈;於一念中,了三世事;於一切世間,現淨慧身,充滿法界,隨眾生所應,悉現其前;了知一切眾生所行,圓滿清淨,悉可愛樂。我豈能知大菩薩行,妙功德願,嚴淨佛剎,善察論機,智慧境界;甚深三昧,神力自在,解脫境界;遊戲神通,法身音聲,究竟智慧?如是等事,非我境界。善男子!於此南方,有一國土,名曰進求;有婆羅門,名方便命。汝詣彼問云何菩薩向菩薩道,修菩薩道。」
At that time this sage, surveying the great assembly, spoke thus: "You should know that this boy has already raised the mind of unsurpassed, perfect, complete awakening, requesting for every sentient being, universally bestowing fearlessness, bringing benefit to every sentient being; turning toward the profound ocean of wisdom, wishing to drink the rain of every buddha's own Dharma; wishing to reach the very bottom of the ocean of every Dharma; wishing to accomplish the great ocean of worldly wisdom; wishing to raise the heavy clouds of great compassion; wishing to rain down the rain of the ambrosial Dharma; wishing to bring forth the bright, pure moon of wisdom transcending the world; wishing to extinguish the darkness of every worldly affliction; wishing to nurture the root of goodness of every sentient being." At that time the great assembly each took hold of every kind of golden, sublime flower, fragrant and delightful, and scattered it over the boy; bowing their heads at his feet, bending low in reverence and circling him, they spoke thus: "This boy is able to rescue and protect every sentient being entirely, extinguishing the three evil paths, freeing them from every peril of Yama's own realm; exhausting the ocean of desire, extinguishing the aggregate of suffering, casting aside the darkness of folly, cutting off the bonds of craving and desire; able to ascend the vajra-encircling mountain of merit, establishing the Sumeru of worldly wisdom, bringing forth, for the world, the bright, pure sun of wisdom, illumining every root of goodness and every dharma, showing and guiding the world to discern good from evil clearly." At that time this sage said to the great assembly: "Whoever is able to raise the mind of unsurpassed, perfect, complete awakening will attain omniscience, purifying the very ground of every buddha's own merit."
At that time this sage said to Sudhana: "Good son, I have already accomplished the bodhisattva's own Dharma-gate of the Indestructible Banner of Wisdom." Sudhana said: "Great sage, what is the domain of this Dharma-gate?" At that time this sage extended his right hand and touched Sudhana's crown; having touched it, he took hold of Sudhana's hand. At that very moment, Sudhana beheld himself present, in the ten directions, at buddhas as numerous as motes of dust in ten buddha-worlds, beholding those buddhas, their excellent marks adorned, their lands adorned with treasures and marvels beyond number. He also beheld the great ocean of those buddhas' own retinues, from whom he heard the Dharma and upheld it entirely, not losing even a single phrase or a single flavor of it, discerning and upholding the true Dharma's own Brahmā-wheel, receiving every cloud of Dharma, entering the buddhas' own great vow, purely cultivating every strength, his vow and practice made pure, reaching the very end of every treasury of merit. He beheld those buddhas teaching and delivering every sentient being according to what was needed, beholding every buddha's own pure, perfect, great net of light. Having seen this, according with unobstructed wisdom and light, he reached the very end of the Buddha's own strength; sometimes he beheld himself, in the presence of one buddha, for a single day and night; sometimes he beheld himself, in the presence of another buddha, for seven days and seven nights. In this same sequence, in the presence of yet other buddhas, sometimes half a month, a month, a year, a hundred years, a thousand years; sometimes a hundred thousand years, a hundred thousand koṭis of years; sometimes a hundred koṭis of nayutas of years; sometimes half an eon, a full eon, a hundred eons, a thousand eons, a hundred thousand eons; sometimes a hundred koṭis of nayutas of eons, even up to nayutas of eons beyond telling upon telling; sometimes eons as numerous as motes of dust in Jambudvīpa, even up to eons as numerous as motes of dust in worlds beyond telling upon telling.
At that time Sudhana, illumined by the Dharma-gate of the Indestructible Banner of Wisdom, attained the samādhi of the Bright, Pure Treasury; illumined by the samādhi of the Inexhaustible Dharma-gate, he attained the light of the dhāraṇī that travels every direction; illumined by the Dharma-gate of the Perfect Light of Vajra, he attained the samādhi of the Pavilion of Discerning Wisdom-Intent, abiding on the level ground, the adorned treasury of Dharma; illumined by diligence in the perfection of wisdom, he attained the light of the Buddha's own Samādhi of the Space-Treasury; illumined together by the light of the samādhi of every buddha's own Dharma-wheel, he attained the inexhaustible light of wisdom perfected through the three times.
At that time this sage released Sudhana's hand; at that moment Sudhana beheld himself once more in his original place. At that time this sage asked Sudhana: "Do you remember it?" He answered: "Indeed I do, great sage — through the power of a good spiritual friend." "Good son, I know only this bodhisattva's own Dharma-gate of the Indestructible Banner of Wisdom — how could I possibly know the great bodhisattvas' own practice? The great bodhisattvas have all attained the samādhi of sovereign mastery over every sentient being, attaining sovereign mastery over the wheel of every time; giving rise to the inexhaustible wisdom of every buddha, realizing every buddha, the adorned, pure lamp of wisdom; in a single thought-moment, comprehending the affairs of the three times; within every world, manifesting a body of pure wisdom, filling the Dharma-realm, appearing directly before whatever sentient being requires it; understanding entirely the conduct of every sentient being, perfect and pure, entirely delightful. How could I possibly know the great bodhisattvas' own practice, their sublime merit and vow, adorning and purifying buddha-lands, skillfully discerning the capacity for discourse, the domain of wisdom; their profound samādhi, sovereign spiritual power, the domain of liberation; their playful spiritual powers, the voice of the Dharma-body, the ultimate wisdom? Matters such as these are not within my own domain. Good son, to the south of here there is a land, called Seeking Advancement; there is a brahmin there, named Skillful Life. Go to him and ask how a bodhisattva turns toward the bodhisattva path, and cultivates the bodhisattva path."
Fazang glosses the Dharma-gate's own name directly: 以此位中高出功用之表,故云幢。然不為相惑所動,故云無壞 — "because this stage's own function stands out and towers above, it is called a banner; and because it is unmoved by any deluded appearance, it is called indestructible." He records the Sanskrit original as naming it "the liberation of Bodhisattva Invincible Banner," and reads the touch itself precisely: 摩頂執手,是加持之相 — "touching the crown and taking the hand is itself the mark of empowerment" — not a gesture of affection but the technical means by which the transmission happens.
Fazang's own commentary on what follows the hand's release is, for this project, one of the single most important passages encountered so far, because it states explicitly the doctrinal principle underlying this entire pilgrimage's own possibility: 放手者,令其出觀。還在本處者,不移此處而見十方故。處既還本,時亦未經一日 — "releasing the hand causes him to emerge from the contemplation; 'still in his original place' means that, without ever having moved from this spot, he beheld the ten directions; and since his place has returned to where it began, so too has not even a single day of ordinary time passed." From this, Fazang draws the conclusion the whole passage has been building toward: 是故於一時一處頓修成十方多劫行成者,皆善友圓教法門力也。是故善財一生至究竟位者,良由此等也 — "and so, accomplishing, within a single moment in a single place, practices spanning many eons across the ten directions, is entirely the power of the good friend's own perfect-teaching Dharma-gate. This is exactly why Sudhana is able to reach the ultimate stage within a single lifetime — precisely because of teachings such as this one." He cites a passage still many pages ahead in this same chapter — "what every buddha cultivated across immeasurable eons, Sudhana attained within a single lifetime" — and generalizes the principle beyond Sudhana specifically: 是故普賢位中,或無量不可說劫修,非唯三祇...或一生一念,如本時等。皆無定限 — "and so, within the stage of Samantabhadra, one may cultivate across eons beyond telling, not merely the traditional three incalculable eons of gradual practice — or one may cultivate within a single lifetime, a single thought-moment, matching ordinary time exactly. There is no fixed limit at all." The single most famous claim about this entire text — that Sudhana becomes a buddha within one lifetime — is, on Fazang's own account, grounded in exactly this scene: eons of practice and a single afternoon are not two different amounts of time competing for the same slot, but two descriptions of one event, true simultaneously.
Part 27 Complete
This closes Part 27: the sage Supreme Voice Without Fear's single touch, the eons Sudhana lives through at the feet of countless buddhas within it, and his return to a place and time that never actually moved. Sudhana is sent onward once more.
Continue to Part 28 — The Ordeal on the Mountain of Fire and Swords →