Fascicle 3, Part 22 · 定善義 第七觀華座觀八 · 觀經四帖疏 T1753

Confession, and a Blind Man's Question

Shandao voices, without softening it, the doubt a genuinely struggling reader might actually feel: how could a being as benighted as any of us hope to see a realm this distant? The answer he gives is not a philosophical reassurance but a full working method — confession, a vow of surrender, and sustained attention on nothing more than a single square inch of ground.

Translator: Ru-Yi Meditation Center Source: Taishō T1753, 觀無量壽佛經疏, by Shandao (善導, 613–681) Fascicle 3 of 4: 定善義 (Meaning of the Contemplative Good)

"Before My Own Eyes, All Is Dark as Wandering at Night"

Chinese Source

八、從七寶地上下,至華想已來,正明教觀方便。問曰:「眾生盲闇逐想增勞,對目冥若夜遊,遠標淨境,何由可悉?」答曰:「若望眾生惑障動念,徒自疲勞,仰憑聖力遙加,致使所觀皆見。云何作法住心而令得見也?欲作法者,諸行者等先於佛像前至心懺悔,發露所造之罪,極生慚愧悲泣流淚。悔過既竟,又心口請釋迦佛、十方恒沙等佛。又念彼彌陀本願言:「弟子某甲等,生盲罪重,障隔處深,願佛慈悲攝受護念,指授開悟所觀之境,願得成就。今頓捨身命,仰屬彌陀,見以不見,皆是佛恩力。」噵此語已,更復至心懺悔竟已。即向靜處,面向西方,正坐跏趺,一同前法。既住心已,徐徐轉心想彼寶地雜色分明。初想不得亂想多境,即難得定,唯觀方寸一尺等。或一日、二日、三日,或四、五、六、七日,或一月、一年、二、三年等。無問日夜,行住坐臥身口意業常與定合。唯萬事俱捨,由如失意聾盲癡人者,此定必即易得。若不如是,三業隨緣轉,定想逐波飛,縱盡千年壽,法眼未曾開。若心得定時,或先有明相現,或可先見寶地等種種分明不思議者。有二種見。一者想見,猶有知覺故,雖見淨境,未多明了。二者若內外覺滅,即入正受三昧,所見淨境即非想見,得為比校也。」

Ru-Yi Translation

Eighth, from "upon this ground of seven jewels" down through "the visualization of the flower," this makes plain the direct teaching of the expedient means of this contemplation.

Question: "Sentient beings, blind and benighted, laboring after this contemplative thought only increases their own weariness — before their own eyes, all is as dark as one wandering at night. This pure realm, marked out at so great a distance, how could it ever be fully grasped?"

Answer: "Were one to rely merely on sentient beings' own delusion-stirred thought, this would indeed be nothing but futile exhaustion — one must instead look up and rely upon the hidden power of the sages, reaching across that distance, and it is this alone that causes the object being contemplated to be fully beheld. How, then, is this method actually to be practiced, settling the mind so as to attain this vision? For those who wish to practice this method: let every practitioner first, before an image of the Buddha, repent with the utmost sincerity of heart, openly confessing every offense they have committed, giving rise to the deepest shame, weeping and letting their own tears fall. Once this repentance is complete, let them further, with both mind and voice, entreat Śākyamuni Buddha, and the buddhas of the ten directions as numerous as the sands of the river. Let them further call to mind Amitābha's own original vow, saying: 'I, your disciple, so-and-so, born blind, my own offenses heavy, my own obstruction deep, pray only that the Buddha's own compassion might receive and protect me in mindfulness, instructing and opening me to awakening upon the very object I am to contemplate, that it might be accomplished. I now cast aside, all at once, this body and this life, and look up in reliance upon Amitābha alone — whether I behold it or fail to behold it, this rests entirely upon the power of the Buddha's own grace.' Having spoken these words, let them once more repent with the utmost sincerity of heart, until this too is complete. Then, turning to a quiet place, facing directly toward the West, sitting upright, cross-legged, exactly as in the earlier method — once the mind is thus settled, let it slowly turn to visualize that jeweled ground, its manifold colors clear and distinct. In this first stage of visualization, one must not allow scattered thought toward many objects at once, since this makes settled concentration difficult to attain — one should contemplate only a single small area, a square inch or a single foot in extent. This may take a single day, two days, three days, or four, five, six, seven days, or a month, a year, two or three years, and so on. Regardless of day or night, in walking, standing, sitting, and lying down alike, let the karma of body, speech, and mind remain constantly united with this settled concentration. Only by relinquishing every other affair entirely, as though one had become like a person who has lost their own senses — deaf, blind, and dull — can this settled concentration truly be attained with ease. If one does not proceed in this way, the three karmas will simply follow whatever conditions arise, and one's own settled thought will scatter and fly off like foam upon a wave — and though one's life should last a thousand years, the Dharma-eye will never once be opened. Once the mind has attained settled concentration, either some bright mark may first appear, or one may first behold the jeweled ground and other objects, each manifold and distinct, in ways beyond ordinary conception. There are two kinds of seeing. The first is seeing within contemplative thought — since some trace of conscious mental construction still remains, though one beholds this pure object, it has not yet become fully clear and distinct. The second is when both inward and outward conscious awareness are extinguished, and one enters directly into right reception, into samādhi itself — and the pure object thus beheld is no longer seeing within contemplative thought at all, and cannot even be compared to it."

A note on this method

Shandao's own question here — voiced with unusual bluntness for this commentary — refuses to let the practice's own difficulty go unacknowledged: an ordinary being genuinely is "blind and benighted," and the realm being described genuinely is impossibly distant. His answer does not dispute either premise. Instead, it relocates where the actual work is being done: not in the practitioner's own unaided visual imagination, but in "the hidden power of the sages, reaching across that distance" — a power the practitioner accesses through confession and a vow of complete surrender, phrased with striking directness: "whether I behold it or fail to behold it, this rests entirely upon the power of the Buddha's own grace." The prescribed starting point — a single square inch of ground, sustained potentially for years before any further progress is attempted — is itself an admission that this method asks for patience measured in a scale most readers would not expect from a devotional text, alongside its promise of divine assistance rather than instead of it.

Part 49 Complete

This closes Part 49. Part 50 continues into the lotus throne itself: the specific, layered visualization method for the flower's own petals, veins, and radiating light, moving outward from the ground already contemplated toward the throne that will support Amitābha's own presence.

Continue to Part 50 — The Lotus Flower's Own Adornment →