Cariyapitaka · Story 13

The Dragon Campeyyaka’s Conduct

Campeyya Cariyā — The Chapter on an Elephant · The Perfection of Ethics (3rd of 10)

Setting
No external narrative frame; the Buddha speaks in the first person about his past life as the nāga Campeyyaka
Speaker
The Buddha, recounting his life as Campeyyaka
Form
Six four-line verses of first-person narration
Length
under 1 minute to read
Northern parallel
Campeyyaka is the subject of his own jātaka in the wider tradition; this reading guide does not assert a specific matching number.
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — brief, but its final image is a striking one

Why this text

A second nāga story follows Cp 12's directly, and shares its basic shape: immense, world-altering power, held back rather than used against a captor. Here a snake-charmer forces Campeyyaka to shape-shift and perform tricks on command — power the text says could just as easily reduce the man to ash.

Reading guide

A performer against his will

The snake-charmer who captures Campeyyaka makes him perform at the royal gate, shifting color — blue, yellow, red — to match whatever the charmer merely thinks of, a display of total control exercised over a being who could end the display at any moment.

Named abilities, deliberately unused

The text states outright what Campeyyaka could do instead: turn dry land to water and water to dry land, or reduce his captor to ash in an instant, ‘if I were upset with him’. The performance continues because the nāga chooses restraint, not because he lacks any alternative.

A reasoned refusal, not just a feeling

The text gives a specific argument for holding back: falling under the sway of anger would mean falling from ethics, and ‘one who has fallen from their ethics does not succeed at the highest goal’ — framing the restraint as instrumental to a further aim, not simply an emotional discipline for its own sake.

A body offered up, scattered like hay

The story closes on its most vivid image: Campeyyaka would rather have his body broken and ‘scattered in this very place... like hay’ than break his ethics — the same willingness to accept bodily destruction seen in several of this chapter's other stories, stated here in a single sharp image rather than an extended argument.

Key terms

nāga — a serpent being of great psychic power — the kind of being Campeyyaka, like Bhūridatta in Cp 12, is described as.
sīla — “ethics” or “precepts” — the perfection this story illustrates, the third of ten stories on this theme.
uposatha — the observance day the snake-charmer is described as keeping, even while forcing Campeyyaka to perform for a living.
Campeyyaka Jātaka — the fuller version of this story in the separate Jātaka tradition, not otherwise covered on this site.
cariyā — “conduct” — this collection's title, and the word used for each of its thirty-five stories, this one its thirteenth.

The text

The text in full: six verses of first-person narration. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1“Then again when I was Campeyyaka, a dragon of great psychic power, I was just, furnished with precepts and vows.

§2Then the snake-charmer who caught me lived righteously, observing the Sabbath, and he made me perform at the royal gate.

§3Whatever color he thought of—blue, yellow, or red—I conformed to his wish, taking the appearance of his thought.

§4I could turn dry land to water, and water to dry land. If I were upset with him I could reduce him to ash in an instant.

§5If I was under the sway of my thoughts, I would have fallen from my ethics. But one who has fallen from their ethics does not succeed at the highest goal.

§6Gladly, let this body be broken! Let it be scattered in this very place! Not even for that would I break my ethics, if it were being scattered like hay.”

· · ·

Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
What does the snake-charmer force Campeyyaka to do?
Correct: B. Matching whatever color the charmer merely thinks of.
Question 2 of 10
What abilities does the text say Campeyyaka could have used against his captor?
Correct: B. Power deliberately unused, not power he lacked.
Question 3 of 10
What reasoned argument does the text give for Campeyyaka's restraint?
Correct: B. Restraint framed as instrumental to a further aim.
Question 4 of 10
What image closes this story?
Correct: B. A willingness to accept bodily destruction, stated in a single sharp image.
Question 5 of 10
How does this story compare in length to Cp 12, immediately before it?
Correct: B. One of the shorter stories in this chapter.
Question 6 of 10
What was the snake-charmer observing, even while exploiting Campeyyaka?
Correct: B. A detail that sits uneasily alongside his treatment of Campeyyaka.
Question 7 of 10
What kind of being is Campeyyaka, as described in this text?
Correct: B. The same kind of being as Cp 12's Bhūridatta.
Question 8 of 10
What perfection does this story illustrate?
Correct: B. Continuing the sequence of ten ethics-stories in this chapter.
Question 9 of 10
How does this story's basic shape compare to Cp 12's?
Correct: B. A second nāga story following directly on the same pattern.
Question 10 of 10
What does 'sīla' mean?
Correct: A. The theme uniting all ten stories of this chapter.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0