Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 22.123

Learned

Sutavāsutta — Dhammakathikavagga

Setting
Varanasi, in the deer park at Isipatana
Speakers
Venerable Mahākoṭṭhita questioning Venerable Sāriputta
Form
The same five-round structure as SN 22.122, increasingly compressed toward its close
Length
Medium — shorter than SN 22.122 due to its own compression
Northern parallel
Shares its structure and content with SN 22.122
Difficulty
Moderate — best read directly after SN 22.122

Why this discourse

The direct companion to SN 22.122, opening with a slightly expanded courtesy (Mahākoṭṭhita "bowed, sat down to one side") and a different first term — "a learned mendicant" rather than "an ethical mendicant" — before tracing the identical five-stage progression, increasingly compressed as it proceeds.

Reading guide

A fuller opening courtesy

Where SN 22.122 has Mahākoṭṭhita simply "go to Venerable Sāriputta" and speak, this discourse adds that he "bowed, sat down to one side" before asking — a small addition of formal courtesy not present in the companion discourse.

A different first term, an identical formula

"What things should a learned mendicant rationally apply the mind to?" — sutavā ("learned") replacing SN 22.122's sīlavā ("ethical") as the starting practitioner, though the eleven-angled reflection Sāriputta gives in answer is identical in every particular.

This small variation in the starting term — ethical versus learned — suggests the reflection is not tied to any single specific virtue as its precondition; whichever quality names the starting point, the same reflection applies and the same progression follows.

Increasing compression toward the close

Where SN 22.122 spells out each of the five rounds in full, this discourse begins compressing from the third round onward — the once-returner and non-returner rounds are elided with ellipses rather than given complete restatement, a economy not used in the companion discourse.

This growing compression as the sequence advances mirrors a pattern seen elsewhere in this book: once a repeating structure has been established clearly, later repetitions of it are trusted to the reader's memory rather than spelled out afresh each time.

Closing Dhammakathikavagga's extended dialogue pair

With SN 22.122 and SN 22.123 both complete, the vagga turns to its final two discourses: SN 22.124 and SN 22.125, both addressed to Venerable Kappa, closing the vagga on a different kind of extended formula — the elevenfold scope already seen earlier in this book, now specifically applied to the elimination of "I-making" and "mine-making."

Key terms

sutavā bhikkhu — a learned mendicant — this discourse's own starting term, replacing SN 22.122's "ethical mendicant"
sīlavā bhikkhu — an ethical mendicant — SN 22.122's parallel starting term for the same reflection
yoniso manasikāra — rationally applying the mind — the identical cognitive act named in both discourses
vaḍḍhitaṁ — developed, cultivated — describing the reflection's ongoing practice even at the arahant stage
diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāra — blissful meditation in this life — one of the two benefits named for the arahant's continued reflection, shared with SN 22.122

The text

The complete discourse, mirroring SN 22.122's dialogue structure with a different starting term and increasing compression toward its close. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1At one time Venerable Sāriputta and Venerable Mahākoṭṭhita were staying near Varanasi, in the deer park at Isipatana. Then in the late afternoon, Venerable Mahākoṭṭhita came out of retreat, went to Venerable Sāriputta, bowed, sat down to one side, and said:

§2“Reverend Sāriputta, what things should a learned mendicant rationally apply the mind to?” “A learned mendicant should rationally apply the mind to these five grasping aggregates as impermanent … as not-self. What five? That is, the grasping aggregates of form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness. A learned mendicant should rationally apply the mind to these five grasping aggregates as impermanent … as not-self. It’s possible that a learned mendicant who rationally applies the mind to the five grasping aggregates will realize the fruit of stream-entry.”

§3“But Reverend Sāriputta, what things should a mendicant stream-enterer rationally apply the mind to?” “A mendicant stream-enterer should also rationally apply the mind to these five grasping aggregates as impermanent … as not-self. It’s possible that a mendicant stream-enterer who rationally applies the mind to the five grasping aggregates will realize the fruit of once-return.” … “It’s possible that a mendicant once-returner who rationally applies the mind to the five grasping aggregates will realize the fruit of non-return.” … “It’s possible that a mendicant non-returner who rationally applies the mind to the five grasping aggregates will realize the fruit of perfection.”

§4“But Reverend Sāriputta, what things should a perfected one rationally apply the mind to?” “Reverend Koṭṭhita, a perfected one should rationally apply the mind to the five grasping aggregates as impermanent, as suffering, as diseased, as a boil, as a dart, as gloom, as an affliction, as alien, as breaking apart, as empty, as not-self. A perfected one has nothing more to do, and nothing that needs improvement. Still, these things, when developed and cultivated, lead to blissful meditation in this life, and also to mindfulness and situational awareness.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
What courtesy does this discourse add that SN 22.122 does not describe?
Correct: A. A small addition of formal courtesy not present in the companion discourse.
Question 2 of 10
What term does this discourse use for the first practitioner, in place of SN 22.122's "ethical mendicant"?
Correct: A. Sutavā replaces sīlavā, though the eleven-angled reflection given in answer remains identical.
Question 3 of 10
Does the eleven-angled reflection formula differ between this discourse and SN 22.122?
Correct: A. Only the starting term for the first practitioner changes, not the reflection itself.
Question 4 of 10
What happens to this discourse's structure from the third round onward?
Correct: A. An economy not used in SN 22.122, which spells out all five rounds in full.
Question 5 of 10
What does the variation between "ethical" and "learned" as the starting term suggest?
Correct: A. Whichever quality names the starting point, the same reflection and progression apply.
Question 6 of 10
How many stages of practitioner does this discourse trace, as in SN 22.122?
Correct: A. Learned mendicant, stream-enterer, once-returner, non-returner, and arahant.
Question 7 of 10
What benefit is named for the arahant's continued reflection, shared with SN 22.122?
Correct: A. Identical to SN 22.122's own closing clarification.
Question 8 of 10
What pattern elsewhere in this book does this discourse's growing compression resemble?
Correct: A. Once a repeating structure has been clearly established, later instances compress.
Question 9 of 10
What comes next in Dhammakathikavagga after this pair of discourses?
Correct: A. Closing the vagga with a different extended formula applied to "I-making" and "mine-making."
Question 10 of 10
Where is this discourse set?
Correct: A. Matching SN 22.122's own setting.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0