Saṃyutta Nikāya · Discourse 8.1

Renounced

Nikkhantasutta

Setting
Āḷavī's premier shrine, near Āḷavī
Speakers
Venerable Vaṅgīsa, alone
Form
A first-person account of temptation, self-diagnosis, and spontaneous verse
Length
~3 minutes to read
Northern parallel
A rough counterpart may exist in the Chinese Saṃyukta-āgama (T99), though this reading guide does not assert a specific matching sutra number
Difficulty
★★★☆☆ — an intimate, self-reflective opening to a new saṃyutta

Why this discourse

This discourse opens an entirely new kind of saṃyutta: where the previous seven each gathered many different speakers encountering the Buddha, Vaṅgīsasaṃyutta follows a single recurring figure, the monk Vaṅgīsa, celebrated in the canon for his gift of spontaneous verse. Here he's still junior, left alone to guard the dwelling while his mentor is away, when a group of finely dressed women arrive to view the monastery and lust unexpectedly takes hold of his mind. What makes this discourse distinctive isn't the temptation itself but his response to it: rather than seeking help from anyone else, Vaṅgīsa resolves on the spot to dispel his own discontent himself, and does so through verse composed in the moment.

Reading guide

A new kind of saṃyutta, built around one recurring figure

Vaṅgīsasaṃyutta breaks from every pattern established so far in this collection; rather than a parade of different visitors encountering the Buddha, it follows one monk across a series of moments in his own practice, beginning here while he's still a junior left alone with a real temptation.

Vulnerability stated without evasion

Vaṅgīsa doesn't minimize what's happening to him; he names it directly — dissatisfaction, lust infecting his mind — and immediately assesses it as his own loss and misfortune, no softer language standing between him and the honest diagnosis.

A deliberate choice to rely on no one else

The pivotal line isn't the temptation itself but Vaṅgīsa's own question — how could someone else possibly dispel this for me? — followed immediately by his decision to do it himself, a self-reliance this reading guide notes as the discourse's real subject.

Verse as the actual method, not just the record

The verses aren't a summary composed after the fact; the text presents them as the very act of dispelling his own discontent — Vaṅgīsa doesn't calm himself and then compose a poem about it, he calms himself by composing it.

A defiant closing address to Māra by name

The final stanza doesn't end on quiet resolve alone; it turns to address Māra directly — called both ‘Wicked One’ and ‘Death’ in the same breath — with an outright challenge that he won't even find the path Vaṅgīsa is walking.

Key terms

anabhirati uppajjati, rāgo cittaṁ anuddhaṁseti — “dissatisfaction arose, with lust infecting his mind” — Vaṅgīsa's own honest naming of what's happening to him.
yannūnāhaṁ attanāva attano anabhiratiṁ vinodetvā — “why don't I do it myself” — the pivotal decision to rely on no one else.
vitakkā upadhāvanti pagabbhā kaṇhato — “I'm overrun by the rude thoughts of the Dark One” — naming the source of the temptation as Māra's influence.
dhamme samhi patiṭṭhitaṁ — “for I stand firm in the teaching” — Vaṅgīsa's stated ground of stability against the disturbance.
tathā maccu karissāmi, na me maggampi dakkhasī — “I'll make sure that you, Death, won't even see the path I take” — the verse's closing, defiant address to Māra by name.

The text

The discourse in full, opening Vaṅgīsasaṃyutta. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1So I have heard. At one time Venerable Vaṅgīsa was staying near Āḷavī, at Āḷavī’s premier shrine, together with his mentor, Venerable Nigrodhakappa. Now at that time Vaṅgīsa was junior, recently gone forth. He had been left behind to look after the dwelling. Then several women dressed in all their finery went to the monastery at Āḷavī’s premier shrine in order to inspect the dwelling. When Vaṅgīsa saw them he became dissatisfied, with lust infecting his mind. Then he thought, “It’s my loss, my misfortune, that I’ve become dissatisfied, with lust infecting my mind. How is it possible for someone else to dispel my discontent and give rise to satisfaction? Why don’t I do it myself?” Then, on the occasion of dispelling his own discontent and giving rise to satisfaction, he recited these verses:

§2“Now that I’ve renounced the home life for homelessness I’m overrun by the rude thoughts of the Dark One.

§3Even if a thousand warrior chiefs and great archers, well trained, with strong bows, were to completely surround me; I would never flee.

§4And even if women come, many more than that, they won’t bother me, for I stand firm in the teaching.

§5I heard with my own ears from the Buddha, Kinsman of the Sun, about the path going to extinguishment; that’s what delights my mind.

§6Wicked One, if you come near me as I meditate like this, I’ll make sure that you, Death, won’t even see the path I take.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
How does Vaṅgīsasaṃyutta differ structurally from the previous seven saṃyuttas in this collection?
Correct: A. A new kind of saṃyutta built around a single figure's ongoing practice.
Question 2 of 10
What situation prompts Vaṅgīsa's inner struggle in this discourse?
Correct: A. An unexpected temptation arising while alone, not a confrontation with another person.
Question 3 of 10
How does Vaṅgīsa initially describe what has happened to him?
Correct: A. Naming the difficulty honestly rather than softening or evading it.
Question 4 of 10
What is the pivotal decision Vaṅgīsa makes?
Correct: A. Self-reliance as the discourse's real subject.
Question 5 of 10
How do the verses function within the discourse's own account?
Correct: A. Composing the verse is itself how he calms himself, not a record made afterward.
Question 6 of 10
Who does Vaṅgīsa address directly in the closing stanza?
Correct: A. A direct, defiant challenge closing the verse sequence.
Question 7 of 10
What does Vaṅgīsa claim about even a thousand archers surrounding him?
Correct: A. A vivid image establishing his resolve before addressing the actual temptation he faced.
Question 8 of 10
What does Vaṅgīsa credit as the source of his stability?
Correct: A. Standing firm in the teaching he heard with his own ears from the Buddha.
Question 9 of 10
Where does this discourse take place?
Correct: A. The setting for this and the discourse immediately following it.
Question 10 of 10
What is Vaṅgīsa's role or standing at the time of this discourse?
Correct: A. Still early in his monastic life, facing a real test rather than teaching from established mastery.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0