Theragatha · 7.5

Sarabhaṅga

Sarabhaṅga — The Book of the Sevens · Chapter One · Poem 5 of 5

Setting
General teaching, closing this book's single chapter
Speaker
Sarabhaṅga, explaining his own name and teaching the four noble truths
Form
Seven verses, the last extended to six lines, followed by this book's own closing structure
Length
under 1 minute to read
Northern parallel
This reading guide does not assert a specific matching text for this poem in other Buddhist literatures.
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — plain vocabulary, several named figures and one doctrinal list

Why this text

‘I broke the reeds off with my hands, made a hut, and stayed there. That's how I became known as “Reed-breaker”,’ Sarabhaṅga opens — one of the only poems in this collection to explain its own speaker's name directly. What follows moves from that small personal origin story to the largest possible frame: seven Buddhas walking the same path across the ages, closing the Book of the Sevens with the four noble truths stated outright.

Reading guide

A name explained, almost uniquely in this collection

Most elders in this collection carry their names without comment. Sarabhaṅga's opening verse is a rare exception: he explains directly that breaking reeds with his hands to build a hut ‘is how I became known as “Reed-breaker” (sarabhaṅgo)’ — his own name, defined by his own account of how he earned it.

A practice now against a rule that didn't exist before

The second verse adds an unusual note of monastic self-awareness: ‘it's not appropriate for me to break reeds with my hands’ today, ‘the training rules have been laid down for us by Gotama the renowned’. Sarabhaṅga names an action that once gave him his own name and now, under rules established since, would breach the training — the poem quietly acknowledges its own speaker's past practice as something the present discipline no longer permits.

Seven Buddhas, already named on this site

The fourth and fifth verses list the same seven Buddhas of the past — Vipassī, Sikhī, Vessabhū, Kakusandha, Koṇāgamana, Kassapa, and Gotama — found in this site's own DN 14, The Great Discourse on the Buddha's Lineage. Sarabhaṅga's poem doesn't narrate their individual stories as DN 14 does, but invokes the same list to make a single point: all seven ‘traveled by that direct route’, the identical path leading to the same ending of craving.

The four noble truths, stated by name

The sixth verse names all four truths directly — ‘dukkhaṁ samudayo maggo, nirodho dukkhasaṅkhayo’, ‘suffering, origin, path, and cessation, the ending of suffering’ — a rare instance in this collection of the four truths named explicitly and completely within a single verse, rather than referenced obliquely or treated as already assumed background.

Closing the Book of the Sevens, a tally that adds up

As with the Threes, Fours, Fives, and Sixes, this single-chapter book moves directly from Sarabhaṅga's own self-naming (‘… Sarabhaṅgo thero …’) to ‘Sattakanipāto niṭṭhito’, ‘the Book of the Sevens is concluded’, with no separate chapter marker. The closing Tatruddāna states ‘five elders in the Sevens, thirty-five verses’ — five poems of seven verses each is exactly thirty-five, the count matching cleanly when verses are counted by their traditional numbering rather than by raw line count (three of this book's five poems extend one verse to six lines rather than four, without changing this nominal count). The uddāna gives ‘thero’ to three of the five names and the distinct epithet ‘mahāisi’, ‘great sage’, to Sarabhaṅga alone, closing this book's own poem with this collection's sixth distinct pattern of epithet placement.

Key terms

sarabhaṅgo — “Reed-breaker” — the name Sarabhaṅga explains directly in his own opening verse.
sikkhāpadā no paññattā — “the training rules have been laid down for us” — the second verse's acknowledgment that a once-ordinary action is now against the discipline.
satta buddhā — “seven Buddhas” — the same list of past Buddhas found in this site's DN 14.
cattāri ariyasaccāni — “the four noble truths” — named directly and completely in the sixth verse.
mahāisi — “great sage” — the epithet the closing uddāna gives to Sarabhaṅga alone, distinct from the ‘thero’ given to three other names in the same list.

The text

The text in full: seven verses, the last extended to six lines, with no separate attribution line in this chapter. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1I broke the reeds off with my hands, made a hut, and stayed there. That’s how I became known as “Reed-breaker”.

§2But now it’s not appropriate for me to break reeds with my hands. The training rules have been laid down for us by Gotama the renowned.

§3Previously, I, Sarabhaṅga, didn’t see the disease in its entirety. But now I have seen the disease, as I’ve practiced what was taught by he who is beyond the gods.

§4Gotama traveled by that direct route; the same path traveled by Vipassī, by Sikhī, Vessabhū, Kakusandha, Koṇāgamana, and Kassapa.

§5These seven Buddhas have plunged into the ending, free of craving, without grasping, having become Dhamma, unaffected. They have taught this Dhamma

§6out of compassion for living creatures—suffering, origin, path, and cessation, the ending of suffering. In these four noble truths,

§7the endless suffering of transmigration finally comes to an end. When the body breaks up, and life comes to an end, there are no future lives; I’m everywhere well freed.

· · ·

Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
What does Sarabhaṅga explain in his opening verse?
Correct: A. One of the only poems in this collection to explain its own speaker's name directly.
Question 2 of 10
What does the second verse say about breaking reeds today?
Correct: B. A quiet acknowledgment that a once-ordinary past action would now breach the discipline.
Question 3 of 10
What list of figures do the fourth and fifth verses invoke?
Correct: C. Vipassī, Sikhī, Vessabhū, Kakusandha, Koṇāgamana, Kassapa, and Gotama.
Question 4 of 10
What point does invoking the seven Buddhas make, in this poem?
Correct: D. A single point made through a shared list, not seven separate narratives.
Question 5 of 10
What does the sixth verse name completely and directly?
Correct: A. A rare instance in this collection of the four truths named explicitly within a single verse.
Question 6 of 10
What marks this book's transition from Sarabhaṅga's own poem to the book's close?
Correct: B. Matching the pattern already established in the Threes, Fours, Fives, and Sixes.
Question 7 of 10
What does this book's closing tally state, and how does it compare to its actual content?
Correct: C. Five poems of seven verses each is exactly thirty-five, despite three poems extending one verse to six lines.
Question 8 of 10
What epithet does the closing uddāna give to Sarabhaṅga alone, distinct from the other four names?
Correct: D. This collection's sixth distinct pattern of epithet placement across its books so far.
Question 9 of 10
What is the running total of poems completed on this site after this poem, out of 264?
Correct: A. 223 + 5 poems in the Book of the Sevens.
Question 10 of 10
What is the next book in the Theragātha, following this one?
Correct: B. Its own structure and conventions still need a fresh check before work continues.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0