Theragatha · 8.1

Mahākaccāyana

Mahākaccāyana — The Book of the Eights · Chapter One · Poem 1 of 3

Setting
General teaching, without further attribution
Speaker
Mahākaccāyana, offering counsel in impersonal terms
Form
Eight verses, the eighth extended to six lines rather than four
Length
under 1 minute to read
Northern parallel
This reading guide does not assert a specific matching text for this poem in other Buddhist literatures.
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — plain vocabulary, one especially vivid closing image

Why this text

‘Though you have eyes, be as if blind; though you have ears, be as if deaf; though you have wisdom, be as if dumb... and when issues come up, lie as still as a corpse,’ Mahākaccāyana closes — one of this collection's most striking images for deliberate withdrawal from conflict, from a speaker this site has already met as the mentor behind Soṇa's ordination in Thag 5.11.

Reading guide

Counsel given in general terms, with no personal narrative

Unlike many poems in this collection, Mahākaccāyana's verse contains no episode of his own conversion, ordination, or crisis — every verse offers direct, impersonal instruction: avoid excessive activity, recognize honor as ‘a subtle dart, hard to extract’, understand that one's deeds, not others' words, determine one's character.

Honor as a trap for the very people it flatters

The second verse names something rarely stated so directly in this collection: ‘homage and veneration in respectable families’ is itself ‘a bog’, and ‘honor is a subtle dart, hard to extract, and hard for a reprobate to give up’. The warning targets not obvious temptation but the very respect a monk might otherwise take as confirmation of his own practice.

A closing image of total, deliberate withdrawal

The eighth verse, extended to six lines, builds a sequence of paired opposites — sighted yet acting blind, hearing yet acting deaf, wise yet acting dumb, strong yet acting feeble — before its final instruction: when conflict arises, ‘lie as still as a corpse’. This is a considerably more extreme image of non-engagement than this collection's more common counsel toward equanimity or patience.

The same elder already met as Soṇa's mentor

This site's own Thag 5.11 (Soṇa of the Sharp Ears) already describes Soṇa asking ‘his mentor Mahākaccāna three times for ordination, waiting years for a monastic quorum’ — the identical figure (Mahākaccāyana / Mahākaccāna, alternate spellings of the same name), here giving his own verse rather than appearing as another elder's teacher. This site's MN 133, Mahākaccāna and One Fine Night, and its own listing in AN 1.188–197, Foremost Monks (I), as ‘the foremost among those who explain in detail the meaning of a brief statement’, both already appear on this site.

Opening a new book, a structure confirmed fresh

The Book of the Eights holds just three poems in a single chapter, per bilara-data — the shortest book yet in this collection, continuing the single-chapter pattern of every book since the Threes. Its baseline verse form is eight four-line verses; this poem's eighth verse, extending to six lines, is its first departure from that baseline.

Key terms

sukhumaṁ sallaṁ durubbahaṅ — “a subtle dart, hard to extract” — the second verse's image for the danger of honor and veneration.
kammabandhū hi mātiyā — “mortals have deeds as their kin” — the third verse's claim that one's own actions, not others' opinions, determine one's character.
cakkhumāssa yathā andho — “though you have eyes, be as if blind” — the opening line of the closing verse's sequence of paired opposites.
sayetha matasāyikaṁ — “lie as still as a corpse” — the poem's final instruction, an unusually extreme image of withdrawal.
kāpurisena dujjaho — “hard for a reprobate to give up” — describing how difficult honor is to relinquish once accepted.

The text

The text in full: eight verses, the eighth extended to six lines, with no separate attribution line in this chapter. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1Don’t get involved in lots of work, avoid people, and don’t try to acquire things. If you’re eager and greedy for flavors, you’ll miss the goal that brings such happiness.

§2They know it really is a bog, this homage and veneration in respectable families. Honor is a subtle dart, hard to extract, and hard for a reprobate to give up.

§3The deeds of a mortal aren’t bad because of what others do. You yourself should not do bad, for mortals have deeds as their kin.

§4You’re not a bandit because of what someone says, you’re not a sage because of what someone says; but as you know yourself, so the gods will know you.

§5When others do not understand, let us, who do understand this, restrain ourselves in this regard; for that is how conflicts are laid to rest.

§6A wise person lives on even after loss of wealth; but without gaining wisdom, even a rich person doesn’t really live.

§7All is heard with the ear, all is seen with the eye; the attentive ought not discard all that is seen and heard.

§8Though you have eyes, be as if blind; though you have ears, be as if deaf; though you have wisdom, be as if dumb; though you have strength, be as if feeble. And when issues come up lie as still as a corpse.

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
How does this poem differ from many others in this collection?
Correct: A. No conversion, ordination, or crisis episode — pure counsel throughout.
Question 2 of 10
What does the second verse call honor and veneration?
Correct: B. A warning against the very respect a monk might otherwise mistake for confirmation of his practice.
Question 3 of 10
According to the third and fourth verses, what determines a person's character?
Correct: C. 'You're not a bandit because of what someone says, you're not a sage because of what someone says.'
Question 4 of 10
What sequence does the closing, extended eighth verse build?
Correct: D. Before its final instruction: when conflict arises, 'lie as still as a corpse.'
Question 5 of 10
How does this poem's closing image compare to this collection's more common counsel?
Correct: A. 'Lie as still as a corpse' — an unusually total withdrawal from conflict.
Question 6 of 10
Where has this site already encountered Mahākaccāyana, under an alternate spelling of his name?
Correct: B. Mahākaccāyana / Mahākaccāna — the identical figure, alternate spellings of the same name.
Question 7 of 10
What is Mahākaccāna declared foremost in, per this site's AN 1.188–197?
Correct: C. A role matching this site's own MN 133, Mahākaccāna and One Fine Night.
Question 8 of 10
How many poems make up the Book of the Eights, and how many chapters?
Correct: D. Confirmed fresh against bilara-data, continuing the single-chapter pattern since the Threes.
Question 9 of 10
What does the fifth verse counsel, when others fail to understand?
Correct: A. 'Let us, who do understand this, restrain ourselves in this regard.'
Question 10 of 10
What does the sixth verse say about a wise person who has lost their wealth?
Correct: B. A direct contrast between wisdom and mere material wealth.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0