Reading guide
A funeral custom, not literal eating
The poem opens with an image that can read strangely in translation — ‘feeding your departed children’ — but this refers, as Sujato's own note explains, to an ancient rite of ritually provisioning the dead for their journey to the next life, not literal consumption.
A mother's transcendence, a father's swift attainment
Vāseṭṭhī explains her freedom from grief by ‘knowing the escape from rebirth and death’, learned from the Buddha at Mithilā — the same city named in this collection's earlier Vāseṭṭhī poem, Thig 6.2, a striking parallel this guide notes without asserting they are the same figure. Her husband, moved by her account, goes himself and attains the three knowledges after only three days.
A conversion in the middle of an errand
Sent to deliver news of her husband's attainment, the charioteer instead refuses Vāseṭṭhī's gift of the carriage and coins outright: ‘I too shall go forth in his presence, the one of such outstanding wisdom’ — a conversion that happens entirely within a single errand.
Sundarī's own declaration, stated directly
Where Cāpā's poem never states her own path, Sundarī's does: ‘I've attained the three knowledges, and fulfilled the Buddha's instructions’, followed by a request to travel to Sāvatthī and ‘roar my lion's roar before the best of Buddhas’ — closing with her own address to him as his ‘rightful daughter, born of your mouth’.
Key terms
The text
§1“Before, good lady, when feeding your departed children, you’d be racked with despair all day and all night. Today, brahmin lady, you have fed all seven children. Vāseṭṭhī, how do you explain why you’re not so filled with despair?”
§2“Many hundreds of children, hundreds of family circles, both mine and yours, brahmin, have been fed in the past. Having known the escape from rebirth and death I neither grieve nor lament, nor do I despair.”
§3“Wow, Vaseṭṭhī, the words you speak really are amazing! Whose teaching did you understand that you say these things?” “Brahmin, the Awakened One back at the city of Mithilā, teaches the Dhamma so that living creatures may abandon all suffering. After hearing the perfected one’s teaching, brahmin, which is free of all attachments, having understood the true teaching there, I’ve cast aside grief for children.”
§4“I too shall go to the city of Mithilā. Hopefully the Buddha may release me from all suffering.”
§5The brahmin saw the Buddha, liberated, free of attachments. He taught him the Dhamma, the sage gone beyond suffering: suffering, suffering’s origin, suffering’s transcendence, and the noble eightfold path that leads to the stilling of suffering. Having understood the true teaching there, he chose to go forth. Three days later Sujāta realized the three knowledges.
§6“Please, charioteer, go; take back this carriage. Bidding my brahmin lady good health, say: ‘The brahmin has now gone forth. After three days, Sujāta realized the three knowledges.’” Then taking the carriage, along with a thousand coins, the charioteer bade the brahmin lady good health, and said: “The brahmin has now gone forth. After three days, Sujāta realized the three knowledges.”
§7Hearing that the brahmin had the three knowledges, the lady replied: “I present to you this horse and carriage, O charioteer, along with 1000 coins, and a full bowl as a gift.” “Keep the horse and carriage, lady, along with the thousand coins. I too shall go forth in his presence, the one of such outstanding wisdom.”
§8“Elephants, cattle, jeweled earrings, such opulent domestic worth: having given it up, your father went forth, enjoy these riches Sundarī, you are the family heir.” “Elephants, cattle, jeweled earrings, such delightful domestic worth: having given it up, my father went forth, racked by grief for his son. I too shall go forth, racked by grief for my brother.”
§9“Sundarī, may the wish you desire come true. Leftovers as gleanings, and cast-off rags as robes—make do with these, free of defilements regarding the next life.”
§10“Ma’am, while I am still a trainee nun, my clairvoyance is clarified; I know my past lives, the places I used to live. Relying on a fine lady like you, a senior nun who graces the Sangha, I’ve attained the three knowledges, and fulfilled the Buddha’s instructions. Give me permission ma’am, I wish to go to Sāvatthī, where I shall roar my lion’s roar before the best of Buddhas.”
§11“Sundarī, see the Teacher! Snow gold in tint, with sun-golden skin; tamer of the untamed, the Awakened One who fears nothing from any quarter.” “See Sundarī coming, liberated, free of attachments. desireless, detached, her task completed, without defilements.” “Having set forth from Varanasi and come to your presence, great hero, your disciple Sundarī bows at your feet. You are the Buddha, you are the Teacher, I am your rightful daughter, brahmin, born of your mouth. I’ve completed the task and am free of defilements.”
§12“Then welcome, good lady, you’re by no means unwelcome. For this is how the tamed come bowing at the Teacher’s feet; desireless, detached, the task completed, without defilements.”
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