Part 29 of the collection · Teacher 9 of 53: Skillful Life, concluded · Fascicle 47 of 60 · T278

Into the Fire

The last waves of cosmic testimony arrive, and Sudhana repents his doubt. He climbs the mountain of knives and throws himself into the mass of fire — and before he even reaches its heart, he has already attained samādhi; touching the flame itself, he feels only peace.

Translator: Ru-Yi Meditation Center Status: Part 29 of 454 complete Source: Taishō T278, 入法界品第三十四 (Buddhabhadra, Eastern Jin) Reading notes after Fazang's 華嚴經探玄記 (T1733)

The Last Testimony, and Repentance

Chinese Source

復有一萬乾闥婆王在虛空中,作如是言:「善男子!此婆羅門,五熱炙身時,放大光明,照我宮殿,悉令我等得不思議樂;來詣其所,為我說法,乃至令發阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心,得不退轉。」復有一萬阿脩羅王在虛空中,右膝䠒跪,一心合掌,恭敬供養,作如是言:「善男子!此婆羅門,五熱炙身時,一切阿脩羅宮殿,大地大海,皆悉震動;我等爾時,除滅高心,來詣其所;為我說法,遠離一切諂曲幻心,得深法忍,安住不動,具足十力。」復有一萬迦樓羅王,勇力持等,化為外道童子,在虛空中,作如是言:「乃至為我說法,安立大慈,讚歎大悲,度生死海;沒於五欲泥者,歎淨直心門,生慧方便翅,隨其所應,皆悉化度。」復有一萬緊那羅王在虛空中,作如是言:「善男子!此婆羅門,五熱炙身時,於我寶多羅樹中、金鈴網中、寶瓔珞中、諸寶樹中、種種樂器中,自然演出微妙音聲、佛聲、法聲、比丘僧聲、不退轉諸菩薩聲、菩提心聲。某方某國,有某菩薩,發菩提心,修行苦行,修大布施,莊嚴道場,往詣道場,成正覺聲。善男子!我聞是聲,即大歡喜,來詣其所;為我說法,令無量眾生於阿耨多羅三藐三菩提,得不退轉。」復有無量欲界諸天在虛空中,供養恭敬,作如是言:「善男子!此婆羅門,五熱炙身時,放大光明,乃至普照阿鼻地獄,除滅苦痛;若有眾生見斯光者,命終生天,知報恩故。捨五欲樂,來詣其所,樂觀無厭;為我說法,乃至令無量眾生發菩提心。」

爾時,善財童子聞奇特法,心大歡喜,於婆羅門所,發起真實善知識心;頭面禮足,如是白言:「向疑聖教,違知識教;唯願大聖,受我悔過。」

時,婆羅門為善財童子,而說偈言:「欲求菩提者, 當順知識教,除滅諸疑惑, 一心常恭敬。修習於正道, 知法真實相,安住於道場, 成就佛菩提。」

Ru-Yi Translation

There were, further, ten thousand gandharva kings, present in the open sky, who spoke thus: "Good son, when this brahmin scorched his body with the five fires, he released great light, illumining our own palaces, causing all of us to attain bliss beyond conceiving; we came before him, and he expounded the Dharma for us, even causing us to raise the mind of unsurpassed, perfect, complete awakening, attaining non-retrogression." There were, further, ten thousand asura kings, present in the open sky, kneeling on their right knees, single-mindedly joining their palms, reverently making offering, who spoke thus: "Good son, when this brahmin scorched his body with the five fires, every asura palace, the great earth, and the great ocean, all shook; at that time we extinguished our own pride, and came before him; he expounded the Dharma for us, forever removing every flattering, crooked, illusory mind, attaining profound patience with the Dharma, abiding firmly, unmoving, fully endowed with the ten powers." There were, further, ten thousand garuḍa kings, Balin and others, transformed into the youths of heterodox paths, present in the open sky, who spoke thus: "Even so, he expounded the Dharma for us, establishing great kindness, praising great compassion, delivering us across the ocean of birth and death; for those sunk in the mire of the five desires, praising the gate of a pure, upright mind, giving rise to the wings of wisdom's own skillful means, transforming and delivering each according to what they required." There were, further, ten thousand kiṃnara kings, present in the open sky, who spoke thus: "Good son, when this brahmin scorched his body with the five fires, from within our own jeweled tāla-trees, our nets of golden bells, our jeweled necklaces, our every jeweled tree, and every kind of musical instrument, subtle and marvelous voices spontaneously sounded forth — the voice of the Buddha, the voice of the Dharma, the voice of the monastic community, the voice of every irreversible bodhisattva, the voice of the mind of awakening; the voice proclaiming that, in such-and-such a direction, in such-and-such a land, some bodhisattva had raised the mind of awakening, cultivated ascetic practice, practiced great generosity, adorned the bodhimaṇḍa, gone to the bodhimaṇḍa, and attained perfect awakening. Good son, on hearing these voices, we rejoiced greatly, and came before him; he expounded the Dharma for us, causing sentient beings beyond measure to attain non-retrogression from unsurpassed, perfect, complete awakening." There were, further, devas of the desire realm beyond measure, present in the open sky, making offering in reverence, who spoke thus: "Good son, when this brahmin scorched his body with the five fires, he released great light, even universally illumining the Avīci hell, extinguishing its every pain and suffering; whatever sentient being beheld this light, at the end of their life, was reborn in heaven, knowing to repay this kindness. Casting aside the pleasure of the five desires, we came before him, delighting to behold him without ever tiring; he expounded the Dharma for us, even causing sentient beings beyond measure to raise the mind of awakening."

At that time Sudhana the Boy, hearing this extraordinary Dharma, his mind greatly rejoicing, in the presence of the brahmin, raised a mind of true, genuine trust in this good spiritual friend; bowing his head at his feet, he said thus: "Just now I doubted your sacred teaching, going against the teaching of a spiritual friend — I ask only that you, great sage, accept my repentance."

At that time the brahmin spoke a verse for Sudhana's sake: "Whoever seeks awakening should accord with the teaching of a spiritual friend, extinguishing every doubt, single-mindedly and constantly reverent. Cultivating the true path, knowing the true mark of the Dharma, abiding firmly at the bodhimaṇḍa, accomplishing the Buddha's own awakening."

Reading note — after Fazang

The kiṃnara kings' own testimony contains something none of the other classes report: not light this time, but sound — voices spontaneously sounding forth from the kiṃnaras' own jeweled trees and instruments, announcing by name and place every bodhisattva anywhere who has just raised the mind of awakening or attained perfect awakening. It is a small, distinct detail worth noticing on its own terms: where every other class of being reports being changed by what they *saw*, the kiṃnaras — traditionally associated with music and voice — report being changed by what their own instruments began, unprompted, to *say*.

The Leap, and What Sudhana Felt

Chinese Source

爾時,善財童子即登刀山,自投火聚,未至中間,即得菩薩安住三昧;既至火焰,復得菩薩寂靜安樂照明三昧。得三昧已,白言:「甚奇。大聖!如是刀山及大火聚,我身觸時,安隱快樂。」時,婆羅門告善財言:「善男子!我唯成此菩薩無盡法門。明淨法王諸菩薩行,滿足諸願;悉滅眾生煩惱邪見,得不退轉不可盡心,離懈怠心,一切無畏;得金剛那羅延藏,究竟大境界,無有疲倦;遠離諸垢,不動如風輪,精進不退,以大莊嚴而自莊嚴,饒益眾生。如是法門,我當云何能知能說?善男子!於此南方,有城名師子奮迅;有一童女,名彌多羅尼。汝詣彼問云何菩薩學菩薩行、修菩薩道。」時,善財童子頭面禮足,遶無數匝,觀察無厭,辭退南行。

Ru-Yi Translation

At that time Sudhana the Boy then climbed the mountain of knives and threw himself into the mass of fire; before he had even reached its midst, he already attained the bodhisattva's own Samādhi of Abiding in Peace; and, having reached the very flame itself, he further attained the bodhisattva's own Samādhi of Tranquil, Peaceful, Illumining Bliss. Having attained this samādhi, he said: "How extraordinary, great sage! This mountain of knives and this great mass of fire — when my body touched them, I felt only peace and bliss." At that time the brahmin said to Sudhana: "Good son, I have accomplished only this bodhisattva's own Dharma-gate of Inexhaustibility. The bright, pure Dharma-King's every bodhisattva practice, fulfilling every vow; extinguishing entirely every sentient being's own affliction and wrong view, attaining non-retrogression, an inexhaustible mind, departing from every mind of indolence, fearless in every way; attaining the treasury of vajra and Nārāyaṇa, reaching the very end of the great domain, never once weary; forever removed from every stain, unmoving as the wheel of wind, diligent and never retreating, adorning himself with great adornment, bringing benefit to sentient beings. A Dharma-gate such as this — how could I possibly know it, how could I possibly explain it? Good son, to the south of here there is a city, named Lion's Vigor; there is a girl there, named Maitrāyaṇī. Go to her and ask how a bodhisattva learns the bodhisattva's own practice, cultivates the bodhisattva path." At that time Sudhana the Boy bowed his head at his feet, circled him countless times, observed him without ever tiring, and, taking his leave, journeyed on to the south.

Reading note — after Fazang

Fazang reads the timing of Sudhana's two samādhis with real precision: 得安住三昧者,加行定,謂無散動智 — "attaining the Samādhi of Abiding in Peace, before he even reaches the fire, is the samādhi of preparatory practice — the wisdom of being undistracted and unmoved," attained specifically because "the knife should sever, and this reverses it, and so he abides in peace"; then, having actually reached the flame, "寂靜是所證理,安樂是能證智,照明是證相應" — "tranquility is the very principle realized; bliss is the wisdom that realizes it; illumination is realization and wisdom perfectly matched" — the fire that should burn is likewise reversed, and so he finds only tranquility and bliss. He glosses Sudhana's own final line — "when my body touched them, I felt only peace and bliss" — as the display of subsequently attained wisdom (後得智): direct testimony from one who has already crossed through, not a claim made in advance.

On the Dharma-gate's own name, 無盡 (Inexhaustible), Fazang gives two reasons together: 智依大定遍照法界故云也。又反道之用普周法界,故云無盡 — "because his wisdom, resting on great samādhi, universally illumines the Dharma-realm, it is so named; and also because this very function of 'reversing the ordinary path' pervades the entire Dharma-realm without limit, it is called inexhaustible." He records the Sanskrit original as "the liberation of the Bodhisattva Who Universally Gathers In the Bodhimaṇḍa" — glossed as gathering in the boundless realm of sentient beings, exactly as the cosmic chorus of Part 28 already displayed, all of it directed toward the buddha-fruit, which is why "bodhimaṇḍa" belongs in the name at all.

Part 29 Complete

This closes Part 29, and the whole of teacher 9's ordeal: the last waves of cosmic testimony, Sudhana's repentance, the leap itself, and the two samādhis attained before the fire could ever touch him. Sudhana is sent onward, to the city Lion's Vigor, and the girl Maitrāyaṇī.

Continue to Part 30 — Maitrāyaṇī, at Lion's Vigor →