Cariyapitaka · Story 11

The Conduct of One Who Provided for His Mother

Mātuposaka Cariyā — The Chapter on an Elephant · The Perfection of Ethics (1st of 10)

Setting
No external narrative frame; the Buddha speaks in the first person about his past life as an elephant who fed and cared for his mother
Speaker
The Buddha, recounting his life as an unnamed elephant of immense strength
Form
Ten four-line verses of first-person narration
Length
1–2 minutes to read
Northern parallel
An elephant who supports his blind mother is the subject of its own jātaka in the wider tradition; this reading guide does not assert a specific matching text or number.
Difficulty
★★☆☆☆ — short, but opens a chapter whose central idea takes a moment to state clearly

Why this text

This story opens the Cariyapitaka's second chapter, on the perfection of ethics — and sets the pattern nearly every story in this chapter will follow. Its central figure is not virtuous because he is weak or has no other option: an elephant here explicitly states he had the physical power to defeat an army, and chooses instead to let himself be captured and beaten without retaliating, purely to keep his ethical conduct intact.

Reading guide

A different chapter, a different kind of virtue

Where the first chapter's ten stories were about giving something away, this second chapter's ten stories are almost all about a different discipline: not retaliating, not breaking a commitment to non-harm, even when the character in question has every practical ability to strike back.

Enormous strength, deliberately unused

The elephant states his own power directly: strong enough, in his prime, to equal a thousand elephants, with the physical capacity to defeat ‘even a kingdom of men’ if provoked. None of that capacity is used when hunters come to capture him.

Captured while feeding his mother

The elephant is found not in a moment of vulnerability but in an act of care — pulling lotus roots from a pond to feed his mother — and is taken by the trunk without a struggle, on a tamer's word alone, no moat or restraint required.

A vow stated as the reason, not fear

The story is explicit about motive: ‘for the sake of guarding my ethics, and fulfilling my perfection of ethics, I did not let my mind change’, even under blows from hatchets and lances. Restraint here is framed as a discipline actively maintained, not a lack of options.

Key terms

sīla — “ethics” or “precepts” — the perfection this entire second chapter illustrates, opening here with its first story.
Mātuposaka — “one who supports his mother” — the descriptive title of this story, rather than a proper name.
pāramī — “perfection” — the ten stories of this chapter all illustrate the perfection of ethics, as the ten stories before them illustrated giving.
cariyā — “conduct” — this collection's title, and the word used for each of its thirty-five stories, this one its eleventh.
Hatthinaga-vagga — “the Chapter on an Elephant” — the traditional name of this second chapter, taken from this opening story.

The text

The text in full: ten verses of first-person narration. Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato (CC0, SuttaCentral).

§1“Once I lived in the forest as a elephant who provided for his mother. At that time no-one on earth could equal my virtues.

§2Seeing me in the forest, a forester informed the king about me. ‘Great King, an elephant that befits you is dwelling in the forest grove.

§3No need to dig a moat around him, nor tether him to a post in a pit. Taken by the trunk, he will come here by himself.’

§4When he heard these words, the king, elated, sent an elephant-tamer, a well-trained and expert tutor.

§5When the elephant-tamer reached there, he saw me in a lotus pond, pulling out lotus roots to feed my mother.

§6Discerning my moral virtue, he checked me for marks. Saying, ‘Come, child’, he took me by the trunk.

§7What was at that time the natural strength of my body, would equal a thousand of the elephants of today.

§8If I had been upset with those who came to capture me, I would have had the power to defeat even a kingdom of men.

§9Nevertheless, for the sake of guarding my ethics, and fulfilling my perfection of ethics, I did not let my mind change, even as they caged me.

§10And even were they to beat me with hatchets and lances, I would never become upset, for fear of violating my ethics.”

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Self-check quiz

Ten questions. Click an answer to see immediate feedback. No score is recorded — this is for your own checking.

Question 1 of 10
What perfection does this second chapter of the Cariyapitaka illustrate?
Correct: B. Ten stories on ethics follow the ten stories on giving.
Question 2 of 10
What discipline does this chapter's opening story establish as a pattern?
Correct: B. Restraint held deliberately, not because of a lack of options.
Question 3 of 10
What was the elephant doing when he was found by the hunters?
Correct: B. Found in an act of care, not vulnerability.
Question 4 of 10
How does the elephant describe his own physical power?
Correct: B. Equal to a thousand elephants in his prime.
Question 5 of 10
How was the elephant actually captured?
Correct: B. No force was needed against him.
Question 6 of 10
What does the elephant say motivated his non-retaliation, even under blows?
Correct: B. Framed explicitly as a discipline, not weakness.
Question 7 of 10
What does 'Mātuposaka' mean?
Correct: B. This story's title describes the elephant's role, rather than naming him.
Question 8 of 10
What is the traditional name of this chapter, taken from this opening story?
Correct: B. Named for its first story, as the first chapter was named for Akitti.
Question 9 of 10
How does this chapter's approach to virtue differ from the first chapter's?
Correct: B. A different discipline illustrated across ten different stories.
Question 10 of 10
What perfection did the first chapter of the Cariyapitaka illustrate?
Correct: B. Cp 1 through Cp 10, now followed by this chapter on ethics.
Answered 0 of 10 · Correct 0